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No Thumbnail AvailableProjectShrimp culture: pond design, operation and management
Establishment of a Network of Aquaculture Centres in Asia
1986Also available in:
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No Thumbnail AvailableProjectOverview of penaeid shrimp culture in Asia
Establishment of a Network of Aquaculture Centres in Asia
1984Also available in:
No results found.Marine shrimp farming is a century-old practice in many Asian countries. Until a decade ago, this commodity was still generally considered as secondary crop in traditional fish farming practices. in Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore and India, shrimp fry were accidentally trapped in the salt beds and paddy fields around estuarine areas, whereas in Indonesia and the Philippines, marine shrimps enter milkfish ponds during tidal exchange. Only recently, due to higher income derived from the harvest of marine shrimp than the principal crop, the farmers eventually converted these fields into shrimp farms. In traditional shrimp farming, sources of wild shrimp fry are either through natural entrance during tidal water exchange or intentionally gathered from the wild and stocked directly in the ponds. Production is dependent on the seasonal abundance of wild fry which fluctuates widely from year to year. In addition, water depth in rearing pond is generally shallow which often leads to extreme f luctuations of water temperature and salinity causing large scale mortality. Predation by carnivorous fishes gaining entrance in the ponds also accounted for considerable loss of shrimps. Production relies almost entirely on natural pond fertility since fertilizers and feeds are not generally used. Consequently, yields are low in the range of 100 – 300 kg/ha/year. Gradually, over the years, some improvements in the traditional methods of culturing shrimp have evolved. For instance, the stockin g density could be increased with the aid of water pump and increasing water depth in the pond which favors shrimp growth since temperature can be maintained and mortality reduced. Production can also be raised by increasing stocking density in pond with the fry collected from the wild. However, supply of seed from the wild is still inconsistent and insufficient that large scale development of the industry cannot be realized. -
Book (series)Farming freshwater prawns. A manual for the culture of the giant river prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) 2002
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This new manual, which replaces an earlier manual first issued in 1982, is an up-to-date practical guide to the farming of Macrobrachium rosenbergii. Many of the techniques described are also applicable to the culture of other species of freshwater prawns. The principle target audience is farmers and extension workers but it is also hoped that it will be useful for aquaculture lecturers and students. After a preliminary section on the biology of freshwater prawns, the manual covers site selectio n for hatcheries, nurseries and grow-out facilities, and the management of the broodstock, hatchery, nursery and grow-out phases of rearing. Harvesting and post-harvest handling are also covered and there are some notes on marketing freshwater prawns. The reference and bibliography section contains a list of relevant reviews, as well as other (mainly FAO) manuals on general aquaculture themes, such as water and soil management, topography, pond construction and simple economics. The management p rinciples described are illustrated by photographs and drawings. The manual contains annexes on specific topics such as the production of larval feeds, size variation, and stock estimation. The final annex is a glossary that lists not only the terms used in the manual itself but also those which may be found in other documents.
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