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Climate Change and Agriculture Policies. How Far Should We Look for Synergy Building Between Agriculture Development and Climate Mitigation?

Issue Papers. EASYPol Module 098










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    Using Marginal Abatement Cost Curves to Realize the Economic Appraisal of Climate Smart Agriculture Policy Options
    Analytical Tools. EASYPol Module116
    2012
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    The AFOLU sector (Agriculture, Forestry, Land Use) is directly linked with climate change issues, on an environmental aspect as well as on an economical and social aspect (food security). Yet, while there is a wide range of technical solutions, it is not immediately apparent which options deliver the most economically efficient reductions in GHG within agriculture. This is why methodologies such as a Marginal Abatement Cost Curves (MACC) have been developed over these past twenty years. MACC als o enables the comparison of the cost-effectiveness of mitigation options between different sectors (e.g. agriculture, power, transport, industry and domestic energy consumption). MACC has become a useful tool for policy makers to prioritize mitigation options. This paper aims at putting forward a methodology to use MAC-curves within the AFOLU sector. It especially targets policy planners and policy makers. The agricultural sector, also called agriculture or AFOLU, encompasses farm-based activiti es (crop production, livestock) as well as forestry and land use. It does not include the downstream agro-industry sector. The first part of these guidelines explains the methodology in order to assess the cost-effectiveness and the mitigation potential of technical practices in agriculture. It also underlines the limits of the MACC approach. The second part looks at a practical MACC analysis example, using the EX-ACT tool.
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    First Results of Carbon Balance Appraisal on the Agriculture Rehabilitation and Recovery Support Project (ARRSP) in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC): Ex-Act Software for Carbon-Balance Analysis of Investment Projects
    Applied Work. EASYPol Module 120
    2012
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    The ARRSP will help to achieve the long-term objective of the Democratic Republic of Congo’s (DRC) Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP) within the World Bank’s Country Assistance Strategy (CAS). The project’s objective is to increase agricultural productivity and improve marketing of crops and animal products by smallholder farmers in targeted areas. Project activities will contribute to this objective by providing seed, planting materials and advisory services, improving rice production, ani mal production capacity and marketing infrastructure and supporting the Ministry of Agriculture and the Ministry of Rural Development in the DRC.
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    Initial Results of the Carbon Balance Appraisal on the Agriculture Technology and Agribusiness Advisory Services (ATAAS) Project in Uganda EX-ACT Software for Carbon-Balance Analysis of Investment Projects
    Applied Work. EASYPol Module 119
    2012
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    Agriculture can play an important role in climate change mitigation while contributing to increased food security and reductions in rural poverty. The Ex-Ante Carbonbalance Tool (EX-ACT) can estimate the mitigation potential of rural development projects/programmes brought on by changes in farming systems and land use. This study presents and discusses the EX-ACT analysis performed on a multi-donorsupported (World Bank, EU, IDAD, GEF, Danida) project in Uganda (the Agricultural Technology and Ag ribusiness Advisory Services Project - ATAAS). Based on projected estimates, the impact of project activities on greenhouse gas emissions and carbon sequestration show that the mitigation benefits achieved through the adoption of sustainable agricultural practices (intensification of agricultural lands without deforestation, improved cropland and grassland management, soil and water conservation) can balance the emissions associated with the increase in inputs use and petrol consumption due to t he project. Three simulations have been carried out: first using the direct objectives of the ATAAS project; then reviewing the objectives of the project from a more pragmatic point of view; and finally reviewing the assumptions made to build the baseline scenario. The study shows possible synergies between mitigation and rural development goals, and puts forward possible options for the financing of proposed improvements.

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