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Book (stand-alone)FAO/IPCC Expert meeting on land use, climate change and food security 2017
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No results found.One hundred scientists, economists and policy experts participated in a three-day expert meeting (EM) to engage in a high-level, globally oriented, and multidisciplinary scoping of topics that climate change to land use and food security. The EM was structured around five themes: climate impacts and human-directed drivers of land change and linkages to food security; mitigation and adaptation options; and policies for resource management, smallholder resilience, mitigation and food and nutrition security. The present report offers a comprehensive synthesis of the EM findings and conclusions reflecting the collective view participants and external reviewers. The report is a valuable source for the IPCC above-mentioned Special Report, especially in relation to food security, as well to researchers and policy makers concerned with the policy implication of food security in relation to post-Paris climate action and Agenda 2030. -
Book (stand-alone)Mainstreaming Carbon Balance Appraisal in Agriculture. EX-ACT: A Tool to Measure the Carbon-Balance
issue Papers. EASYPol Module 099
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No results found.Agricultural systems can contribute significantly to an overall mitigation that will help to reduce the extent of adaptation required and catastrophic impacts on systems and sectors, on which lives and livelihoods depend. Many agricultural mitigation options, particularly those that involve soil C sequestration also generate co-benefits for adaptation, food security and rural development. This paper analyses the current context in which carbon balance and greenhouse gass (GHG) indicators fa ce growing interest in agriculture development. It highlights the multi-objective significance of carbon balance and multi benefits of improved carbon soil in term of mitigation, adaptation, cropping systems and local community resilience building. It proposes that Soil Organic Carbon (SOC) be used as the Agri-Environmental indicator in agriculture policy monitoring for developing countries and carbon balance as performance indicator in policy analysis. Tools that are currently available to calculate GHG emissions in agriculture sector at farm level or at project level are listed. EX-ACT1 Lastely, this paper develops a way in which carbon balance can be used in project and policy analysis, highlighting synergies with existing donors’ approaches. It also analyses the different ways to upscale the use of carbon balance methods within agriculture sector in developing countries. is presented as the specific tool to allow for a quick appraisal of the potential mitigation impacts o f agricultural investment projects, available to donors and planning officers, project designers and decision makers within agriculture and forestry sectors in developing countries. -
DocumentEX-Ante Carbon-balance Tool (EX-ACT) 2017
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No results found.EX-Ante Carbon-balance Tool (EX-ACT) is a tool developed by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). It is aimed at providing ex-ante estimates of the mitigation impact of agriculture, forestry and fishery development projects, estimating net Carbon (C) balance from greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and C sequestration. EX-ACT is a land-based accounting system, measuring C stocks, stock changes per unit of land, and CH4 and N2O emissions expressed in t CO2-e per hectare an d year. The main output of the tool is an estimation of the C-balance that is associated with adoption of alternative land management options, as compared to a ‘business as usual’ scenario. EX-ACT has been developed using primarily the IPCC 2006 Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories (IPCC 2006), complemented by other existing methodologies and reviews of default coefficients where available. Default values for mitigation options in the agriculture sector are mostly from the 4th Asse ssment Report of IPCC chapter 8, Smith et al.2007. Default values for wetlands (inland and coastal) are from the 2013 supplement to the IPCC 2006 (IPCC 2014). Thus, EX-ACT allows for the C–balance appraisal of new investment programmes by ensuring an appropriate method available for donors and planning officers, project designers and decision makers within agriculture, forestry and fisheries sectors in developing countries. The tool can also help to identify the mitigation impacts of various inv estment project options, and thus provide an additional criterion for consideration in project selection. These technical guidelines for using EX-ACT aim at providing the user with the details of procedures and numbers used to perform calculation of C balance.
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