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Meeting the climate change mitigation commitments of Least Developed Countries

The role of the agricultural sectors and the need for urgent action










Del Castillo, K., Giancristofaro, M., Mori, A., Ribó, D., Zelaya-Bonilla, S. 2019. Meeting the climate change mitigation commitments of Least Developed Countries – The role of the agricultural sectors and the need for urgent action. Rome. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.



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    One hundred scientists, economists and policy experts participated in a three-day expert meeting (EM) to engage in a high-level, globally oriented, and multidisciplinary scoping of topics that climate change to land use and food security. The EM was structured around five themes: climate impacts and human-directed drivers of land change and linkages to food security; mitigation and adaptation options; and policies for resource management, smallholder resilience, mitigation and food and nutrition security. The present report offers a comprehensive synthesis of the EM findings and conclusions reflecting the collective view participants and external reviewers. The report is a valuable source for the IPCC above-mentioned Special Report, especially in relation to food security, as well to researchers and policy makers concerned with the policy implication of food security in relation to post-Paris climate action and Agenda 2030.
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    Under the Paris Agreement on climate change, all parties are required to define and communicate their “nationally determined contributions” (NDCs), the efforts that they plan to undertake to reduce national greenhouse gas emissions and adapt to the impacts of climate change. To ensure they are sufficiently ambitious, the targets and commitments set out by countries in 2015 need updating every five years. This project represented FAO’s response to specific countries’ requests for support to conduct the first revision of NDCs in 2020. The overarching objective was to improve countries’ strategies and tools to reduce their emissions and improve adaptation in the agriculture, forestry and other land use (AFOLU) sector, addressing existing gaps in AFOLU components and resulting in more ambitious commitments and strategies.
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    Analytical Tools. EASYPol Module116
    2012
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    The AFOLU sector (Agriculture, Forestry, Land Use) is directly linked with climate change issues, on an environmental aspect as well as on an economical and social aspect (food security). Yet, while there is a wide range of technical solutions, it is not immediately apparent which options deliver the most economically efficient reductions in GHG within agriculture. This is why methodologies such as a Marginal Abatement Cost Curves (MACC) have been developed over these past twenty years. MACC als o enables the comparison of the cost-effectiveness of mitigation options between different sectors (e.g. agriculture, power, transport, industry and domestic energy consumption). MACC has become a useful tool for policy makers to prioritize mitigation options. This paper aims at putting forward a methodology to use MAC-curves within the AFOLU sector. It especially targets policy planners and policy makers. The agricultural sector, also called agriculture or AFOLU, encompasses farm-based activiti es (crop production, livestock) as well as forestry and land use. It does not include the downstream agro-industry sector. The first part of these guidelines explains the methodology in order to assess the cost-effectiveness and the mitigation potential of technical practices in agriculture. It also underlines the limits of the MACC approach. The second part looks at a practical MACC analysis example, using the EX-ACT tool.

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