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ArticleReducing risks from forest fire and disasters through a community-based forest fire brigade (MPA), a case study in Danau Sentarum National Park
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.The TNBKDS is an exotic ecosystem and has designated as one of the world biospheres reserves. The Park is also inhabited by around 6,000 people. Ecotourism, biodiversity, and cultural value attracts many domestic and international tourists. However, the park has high-risk from forest fire and flooding. During 2014-2019, forest fire in the park is recorded at the average of 206.6 Ha. The lake has also experienced in regular flooding. Reducing these risks should involve community by strengthening their capacity to protect their home. Consultations and SWOT analysis was used to map community capacity and to rank the threat. Opportunities on livelihood improvement is also identified to develop approach and strategy in reducing risks and improving their income. A GIS tool was used to monitor forest fire. A total of 10 MPA were established in 10 villages, involving 300 peoples (300 households). From series of consultations, 100% agreed that community need to involve in combating forest fire and reducing the damage from flooding. FIP-1 provides forest fire equipment, as well as series of training on forest fire, forest monitoring using GPS, alternative income activities such as bee keeping, fish processing, and women empowerment. Establishment of MPA and implementation of forest patrol for the period of 2018-Jun 2021 has directly protected a forest area from forest fire of 11,265 ha and non-forest area of 82,481 ha. Community participation is the key success of reducing risks from forest fire. Training program is also essential to support community capacity in reducing hotspots and to provide alternative income for their sustainable live within the national park. Keywords: forest fire, community, West Kalimantan, climate change ID: 3488239 -
ArticleA study on a specialized flight safety management method to prevent accidents of forest fire-fighting helicopters (Focusing on accidents that occur in the process of loading water into a helicopter)
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Climate change has had a significant impact on the frequency of forest fires and the extent of damage caused by such fires. Dry lands and strong winds have been the primary causes of large-scale forest fires, as proven by outbreak of forest fires throughout the world in the recent few years, including those in the US, Canada, Australia, and Russia. The most effective method for responding to forest fires that quickly spread through strong winds is aerial firefighting using an air tank or a helicopter. However, the lives of many crew members have been sacrificed as a result of helicopter crashes that have frequently occurred during forest fire-fighting in different parts of the world. Inability to prevent frequent accidents involving forest firefighting helicopters can give a negative perception to the pilots that forest firefighting is dangerous work, which can cause a sharp decrease in work efficiency and number of pilots taking part in forest firefighting. Moreover, protecting skilled pilots from accidents is also very important for preventing deforestation by forest fires and sustainable development. To prevent accidents of forest fire-fighting helicopters, the Flight Operations Quality Assurance (FOQA) Team was established in 2019 to collect and analyze flight data of aircrafts approaching reservoirs for recommending pilots who exceed the safe range to change their flight habits, as well as providing training opportunities to change the flight habits of pilots who are repeatedly exposed to risk samples. This article explains the flight method applied during the process of approaching reservoirs, flight data analysis method, and safety management methods on preventing crashes by improving unsafe pilot habits. Key words: helicopter accident; wildfire fighting; vortex ring state; Korea Forest Service; FOQA ID: 3622024 -
ArticleShort-term effects of forest fire on soil erosion in Korea: Case study of 2020 Andong forestfire
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Forest fire can devastate forest landscape. After the fire excessive runoff and soil erosion might occur, thus turning once fully functional forestland into degraded forest without topsoil and nutrients. It is important understand how soil erosion changes and burned area recovers with time. This study accessed the short-term effects of forest fire on soil erosion by monitoring sediment yields during wet summer season after a fire, using a total of twelve 5m x 10m silt fences from canopy fire, ground fire, and control areas (no fire) in Andong where 2020 hectares of forestland were burned in April of 2020. All silt fences were located at east-facing hillslopes with 45–55% steepness and conifers. The soil texture of canopy and ground fire areas was sandy loam, and control area was loam. The four sediment observations were made during the monitoring: An average of 158.0 kg ha-1 from canopy fire area, 0 kg ha-1 from ground fire area and 0 kg ha-1 from control area with accumulated rainfall of 53.0 mm (on 7/4); 1,077.5, 28.4, and 8.3 kg ha-1 with 174.5 mm (7/17); 1800.0, 116.7, and 3.2 kg ha-1 with 275.5 mm (8/4–5); 2340.0, 22.0, and 27.5 kg ha-1 with 226.5 mm (8/25); 580.0, 1.9, and 0.7 kg ha-1 with 156.8 mm (9/14&16); and 12.3, 2.3, and 0.5 kg ha-1 with 3.1 mm (10/5–6). The results indicated extremely high soil erosion occurred from canopy fire area and minimal erosion occurred from ground fire and control areas where no significant difference was found. Conifers defoliated due to stress from ground fire and fallen needles provided ground cover, thus preventing soil erosion. The ground covers measured from canopy fire, ground fire and control areas were 27.5%, 82.4% and 99.7% on 7/3 and 59.9%, 85.5% and 99.1% on 10/5, showing a large difference between canopy and ground fire areas with conifers. This study showed the importance of ground cover to mitigate post-fire erosion, and erosion control measures, such as mulching, should be considered to increase ground cover. Keywords: forest fire; ground cover; postfire soil erosion; sediment; silt fence ID: 3486822
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