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Evaluation of FAO’s contribution to building resilience to El Niño-induced drought in Southern Africa 2016-2017

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    Evaluation of FAO’s contribution to building resilience to El Niño-induced drought in Southern Africa 2016-2017 2020
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    During the 2015–2016 agricultural season, Southern Africa experienced intense drought due to one of the strongest El Niño events in 50 years. With 70 percent of the population reliant on agriculture, El Niño had a direct impact on food security and caused loss of income across crop and livestock value chains. FAO activated a corporate surge support and launched its Southern Africa El Niño Response Plan, appealing for USD 109 million to support government efforts to rebuild and fortify agricultural livelihoods, restoring agricultural production, incomes and assets and increasing household access to nutritious food. FAO country teams translated the regional plan into tailored intervention packages on the ground. But while agro-meteorological and early-warning alerts were timely, they did not trigger early action. The evaluation calls on FAO to initiate a systematic approach to adaptive programming, to conduct an in-depth analysis of the factors that slowed delivery in Southern Africa, to expand on the targeting of different groups, so as to meet the needs of farmers with varying degrees of vulnerability, and to bolster learning, information-sharing and advocacy efforts across countries.
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    Evaluation of FAO’s contribution to building resilience to El Niño-induced drought in Southern Africa 2016-2017
    Annex 1. Methodological approach
    2020
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    Project
    Emergency Assistance to Mitigate the Impact of El Niño-Induced Drought on Livelihoods of Vulnerable Agricultural and Agropastoral Households in Zambia - TCP/ZAM/3703 2020
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    The agriculture sector in Zambia supports the livelihoods of nearly 85 percent of the population, which includes 17 million people located across three agroecological zones. The sector is currently facing an increasing number of hazards, such as recurrent dry spells, floods and pest insurgences, which affect crops and livestock of economic importance. The effects of drought, in particular, are being exacerbated by increased occurrences of El Niño weather patterns. Moreover, drier conditions are likely to lead to increased insurgences of pests, such as the fall armyworm (FAW), and cases of livestock disease. Prior to the project, the 2018/19 National Contingency Plan, which was jointly developed by the Government, UN agencies and non-governmental organizations, estimated that 609 608 agriculture-dependent households would be affected by extreme weather conditions, with around 280 000 people requiring food assistance. The affected population would also require emergency assistance that enables them to engage in agricultural activities to rebuild their livelihoods. To mitigate the effects of El Niño-induced drought in Zambia, the project sought not only to protect existing livelihood assets, including crops and livestock, against potential threats, but also promote agricultural practices and effective surveillance measures that support production.

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