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Conflict, migration and food security










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    Booklet
    Distress migration and youth in protracted crises 2016
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    This note focuses on the topic of distress migration and youth in protracted crises, and the possible solutions from the JFFLS approach, using case studies of FAO interventions. Migration is a common phenomenon in protracted crises, mainly resulting from displacement due to conflict, natural disasters and /or the deterioration of livelihoods. The challenges posed by migration are many: a disruption of food and nutrition security, increasing competition among livelihood groups, ever greater numbe rs of displaced young people exposed to the threat of both violence and radicalization, plus harmful impact on livelihoods in the countries of origin. However, migration also presents opportunities, including powerful drivers for sustainable post-conflict recovery, opportunities for host communities and young people as a dynamic force for rebuilding communities and peace. FAO’s Junior Farmer Field and Life Schools (JFFLS) methodology in various countries with protracted crises has proven effecti ve in increasing the agricultural, business and life skills of young refugees, child soldiers and other vulnerable groups in protracted crises, and thus helping them to become more resilient, productive and active members of their communities.
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    Brochure, flyer, fact-sheet
    Addressing the impacts of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in food crises (April–December 2020)
    FAO’s component of the Global Humanitarian Response Plan for COVID-19 (July update)
    2020
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    The world is standing on the precipice of the greatest food crisis in generations. Worldwide, people and their communities are reeling from the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, which extend far beyond the direct health impacts. Food systems have been disrupted, informal employment all but stopped for millions, markets have closed and remittances have dried up and the most vulnerable have found themselves struggling to access sufficient food. Increasingly, as smallholders are unable to access the critical inputs they need to continue producing, food availability is emerging as a major concern. Conflict, weather extremes and pre-existing economic turbulence continue to push more people into acute hunger, exacerbated by the reverberations of the pandemic. The worst-case scenario of famine is inching closer to reality for millions of girls, boys, women and men, especially for the 27 million people that were already experiencing emergency levels of acute hunger before the pandemic. Responding to these challenges requires urgent action at scale. Critical agricultural seasons, livestock movements for pasture and water, food harvesting, processing and storage – these are not activities that can be put on hold as we tackle the health impacts of the pandemic. Without support, increasing numbers of people will be forced to abandon their livelihoods and rely on much more costly food assistance to survive. Anticipatory action now is not just more cost effective than waiting to rebuild livelihoods and communities later, it is more humane and respectful of the dignity of the billions of people relying on some form of agriculture for their livelihoods. This is at the heart of FAO’s response to the indirect effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. FAO’s programme focuses on four key components to save lives and livelihoods threatened by the pandemic, as follows: (i) rolling out data collection and analysis; (ii) ensuring availability of and stabilizing access to food for the most acutely food-insecure populations; (iii) ensuring continuity of the critical food supply chain for the most vulnerable populations; and (iv) ensuring food supply chain actors are not at risk of virus transmission.
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    Booklet
    Strengthening sector policies for better food security and nutrition results: Rural Migration
    Policy Guidance Note No. 10
    2017
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    Migration is part of the development process and can contribute to achieving food and nutrition security, although tangible benefits and opportunities are maximized when adequate policies are in place and decent working conditions are ensured. The relation between migration, food security and nutrition is complex and very much context-specific. On the one hand, food and nutrition insecurity is among the root causes of migration out of rural areas, together with other socio-economic factors. On the other hand, migration can have different impacts – positive or negative – on the four dimensions of food security. Strengthening policy coherence is crucial to harness the development potential of migration for food security and nutrition. In particular, policy interventions need to both reduce the pressure to migrate, by addressing the root causes of migration, and ensure safe, orderly and regular movements of people. This guidance note illustrates policy changes that have proved successful in ensuring greater synergy between the rural migration and food security and nutrition policy agendas.

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