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BookletFAO alerts countries in the Near East and West Eurasia to enhance preparedness for foot-and-mouth disease 2025FAO is recommending urgent biosecurity measures and enhanced surveillance following the recent detection of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) serotype SAT1 in the Near East. This serotype is exotic to the region, raising serious concerns about the potential spread of the virus within the Near East and to West Eurasia. The most important and immediate risks for FMD virus spread are associated with animal movements: intensified trade and movement of livestock; transhumance of ruminants to summer pastures; and international and national trading of animals, especially with mixing of animals at live animal markets, holding areas, and during transport. FAO urges countries to increase awareness, strengthen biosecurity, and improve preparedness at national, subnational, and community levels to safeguard livestock and livelihoods. Specific recommendations are described within the alert. Until livestock populations are immunized with a suitable SAT1 vaccine, only rapid and effective biosecurity measures can limit the spread of the SAT1 virus.
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BookletFAO alerts countries in North Africa, West Asia and Caucasus to enhance preparedness for foot-and-mouth disease SAT1 2025
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No results found.The foot-and-mouth disease serotype SAT1, originally confined in sub-Saharan Africa but confirmed in Iraq earlier this year is suspected to have spread eastwards. FAO calls preparedness and vigilance in at-risk countries. -
ArticlePeste des Petits Ruminants Virus Infection at the Wildlife–Livestock Interface in the Greater Serengeti Ecosystem, 2015–2019 2021
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No results found.Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is a viral disease of goats and sheep that occurs in Africa, the Middle East and Asia with a severe impact on livelihoods and livestock trade. Many wild artiodactyls are susceptible to PPR virus (PPRV) infection, and some outbreaks have threatened endangered wild populations. The role of wild species in PPRV epidemiology is unclear, which is a knowledge gap for the Global Strategy for the Control and Eradication of PPR. These studies aimed to investigate PPRV infection in wild artiodactyls in the Greater Serengeti and Amboseli ecosystems of Kenya and Tanzania. Out of 132 animals purposively sampled in 2015–2016, 19.7% were PPRV seropositive by ID Screen PPR competition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA; IDvet, France) from the following species: African buffalo, wildebeest, topi, kongoni, Grant’s gazelle, impala, Thomson’s gazelle, warthog and gerenuk, while waterbuck and lesser kudu were seronegative. In 2018–2019, a cross-sectional survey of randomly selected African buffalo and Grant’s gazelle herds was conducted. The weighted estimate of PPRV seroprevalence was 12.0% out of 191 African buffalo and 1.1% out of 139 Grant’s gazelles. All ocular and nasal swabs and faeces were negative by PPRV real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Investigations of a PPR-like disease in sheep and goats confirmed PPRV circulation in the area by rapid detection test and/or RT-qPCR. These results demonstrated serological evidence of PPRV infection in wild artiodactyl species at the wildlife–livestock interface in this ecosystem where PPRV is endemic in domestic small ruminants. Exposure to PPRV could be via spillover from infected small ruminants or from transmission between wild animals, while the relatively low seroprevalence suggests that sustained transmission is unlikely. Further studies of other major wild artiodactyls in this ecosystem are required, such as impala, Thomson’s gazelle and wildebeest.
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