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Recognizing Peste des Petits Ruminants

A field manual

Year of publication 1999

Place of publication Rome, Italy ;

Pages 30 p.

Author FAO

Publisher FAO ;

Product type Book (series)

ISBN 92-5-104277-2

Series title FAO Animal Health Manual

Series number 5

Edition 1

Synopsis (short abstract) This booklet is one of a series prepared by FAO’s Emergency System for Transboundary Animal and Plant Pests and Diseases (EMPRES) Livestock Unit, as an aid to emergency preparedness for the major transboundary diseases of livestock. Peste des petits ruminants (PPR), which is also known as goat plague, is a disease of increasing importance in Africa and Asia wherever small ruminants form an important component of agricultural food production. It can affect a broad range of species, including some antelopes, as has already been seen in zoological garden collections but, fortunately, not in the wild. The disease was once thought to be a comparatively restricted problem in West Africa, but it is now known to extend throughout most of West, Central and East Africa, reaching eastwards through western and South Asia.

Language English

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    Article
    Peste des Petits Ruminants Virus Infection at the Wildlife–Livestock Interface in the Greater Serengeti Ecosystem, 2015–2019 2021
    Also available in:
    No results found.
    Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is a viral disease of goats and sheep that occurs in Africa, the Middle East and Asia with a severe impact on livelihoods and livestock trade. Many wild artiodactyls are susceptible to PPR virus (PPRV) infection, and some outbreaks have threatened endangered wild populations. The role of wild species in PPRV epidemiology is unclear, which is a knowledge gap for the Global Strategy for the Control and Eradication of PPR. These studies aimed to investigate PPRV infection in wild artiodactyls in the Greater Serengeti and Amboseli ecosystems of Kenya and Tanzania. Out of 132 animals purposively sampled in 2015–2016, 19.7% were PPRV seropositive by ID Screen PPR competition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA; IDvet, France) from the following species: African buffalo, wildebeest, topi, kongoni, Grant’s gazelle, impala, Thomson’s gazelle, warthog and gerenuk, while waterbuck and lesser kudu were seronegative. In 2018–2019, a cross-sectional survey of randomly selected African buffalo and Grant’s gazelle herds was conducted. The weighted estimate of PPRV seroprevalence was 12.0% out of 191 African buffalo and 1.1% out of 139 Grant’s gazelles. All ocular and nasal swabs and faeces were negative by PPRV real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Investigations of a PPR-like disease in sheep and goats confirmed PPRV circulation in the area by rapid detection test and/or RT-qPCR. These results demonstrated serological evidence of PPRV infection in wild artiodactyl species at the wildlife–livestock interface in this ecosystem where PPRV is endemic in domestic small ruminants. Exposure to PPRV could be via spillover from infected small ruminants or from transmission between wild animals, while the relatively low seroprevalence suggests that sustained transmission is unlikely. Further studies of other major wild artiodactyls in this ecosystem are required, such as impala, Thomson’s gazelle and wildebeest.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Book (series)
    Recognizing African swine fever. A field manual. 2000
    Also available in:
    This manual is one of a series prepared by FAO's Emergency Prevention System for Transboundary Animal and Plant Pests and Diseases (EMPRES) as an aid to emergency preparedness for major transboundary animal diseases (TADs) of livestock. TADs are defined as diseases of significant economic, trade and/or food security importance for a considerable number of countries, which can easily spread across national borders and reach epidemic proportions and for which control and management, including exclusion, require international cooperation.The purpose of this manual is to enhance recognition of ASF at all levels for early warning and early reaction, so that the disease can be identified and eliminated at the earliest appearance in any area. Special attention has been given to the clinical, anatomical and pathological similarity of African swine fever with classical swine fever, against which an effective vaccine exists.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Book (series)
    Reconnaître la peste des petits ruminants
    Manuel de terrain
    1999
    Also available in:
    Ce manuel fait partie d'une série, réalisée par l'Unité EMPRES de la FAO (santé animale), qui a pour but d'aider à faire face aux situations d'urgence causées par l'apparition des principales maladies animales transfrontalières.Il est possible que la PPR soit restée méconnue dans un certain nombre de pays pendant plusieurs années en raison de la confusion qui était faite avec d'autres maladies entraînant la mortalité chez les petits ruminants. Sa symptomatologie, similaire à celle de la peste bovine, exige la réalisation d'un diagnostic différentiel pour ces deux maladies, en raison notamment du Programme mondial d'éradication de la peste bovine (GREP), qui prévoit l'éradication totale de cette maladie avant l'an 2010. En outre, dans les zones où la PPR est absente ou récemment introduite, rares sont les vétérinaires, les techniciens de la santé animale et les éleveurs qui connaissent les signes cliniques et le tableau lésionnel de la maladie. Ce manuel s'adresse à ces différents intervenants pour les aider à mieux reconnaître cette maladie émergente de nature transfrontalière.L'objectif de ce manuel est de faire en sorte que tous ceux qui sont concernés par la santé animale des petits ruminants «pensent PPR» et soient capables de la reconnaître rapidement, dès son apparition. Les commentaires et suggestions des lecteurs visant à améliorer le contenu de ce manuel seront les bienvenus.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Article
    Peste des Petits Ruminants Virus Infection at the Wildlife–Livestock Interface in the Greater Serengeti Ecosystem, 2015–2019 2021
    Also available in:
    No results found.
    Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is a viral disease of goats and sheep that occurs in Africa, the Middle East and Asia with a severe impact on livelihoods and livestock trade. Many wild artiodactyls are susceptible to PPR virus (PPRV) infection, and some outbreaks have threatened endangered wild populations. The role of wild species in PPRV epidemiology is unclear, which is a knowledge gap for the Global Strategy for the Control and Eradication of PPR. These studies aimed to investigate PPRV infection in wild artiodactyls in the Greater Serengeti and Amboseli ecosystems of Kenya and Tanzania. Out of 132 animals purposively sampled in 2015–2016, 19.7% were PPRV seropositive by ID Screen PPR competition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA; IDvet, France) from the following species: African buffalo, wildebeest, topi, kongoni, Grant’s gazelle, impala, Thomson’s gazelle, warthog and gerenuk, while waterbuck and lesser kudu were seronegative. In 2018–2019, a cross-sectional survey of randomly selected African buffalo and Grant’s gazelle herds was conducted. The weighted estimate of PPRV seroprevalence was 12.0% out of 191 African buffalo and 1.1% out of 139 Grant’s gazelles. All ocular and nasal swabs and faeces were negative by PPRV real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Investigations of a PPR-like disease in sheep and goats confirmed PPRV circulation in the area by rapid detection test and/or RT-qPCR. These results demonstrated serological evidence of PPRV infection in wild artiodactyl species at the wildlife–livestock interface in this ecosystem where PPRV is endemic in domestic small ruminants. Exposure to PPRV could be via spillover from infected small ruminants or from transmission between wild animals, while the relatively low seroprevalence suggests that sustained transmission is unlikely. Further studies of other major wild artiodactyls in this ecosystem are required, such as impala, Thomson’s gazelle and wildebeest.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Book (series)
    Recognizing African swine fever. A field manual. 2000
    Also available in:
    This manual is one of a series prepared by FAO's Emergency Prevention System for Transboundary Animal and Plant Pests and Diseases (EMPRES) as an aid to emergency preparedness for major transboundary animal diseases (TADs) of livestock. TADs are defined as diseases of significant economic, trade and/or food security importance for a considerable number of countries, which can easily spread across national borders and reach epidemic proportions and for which control and management, including exclusion, require international cooperation.The purpose of this manual is to enhance recognition of ASF at all levels for early warning and early reaction, so that the disease can be identified and eliminated at the earliest appearance in any area. Special attention has been given to the clinical, anatomical and pathological similarity of African swine fever with classical swine fever, against which an effective vaccine exists.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Book (series)
    Reconnaître la peste des petits ruminants
    Manuel de terrain
    1999
    Also available in:
    Ce manuel fait partie d'une série, réalisée par l'Unité EMPRES de la FAO (santé animale), qui a pour but d'aider à faire face aux situations d'urgence causées par l'apparition des principales maladies animales transfrontalières.Il est possible que la PPR soit restée méconnue dans un certain nombre de pays pendant plusieurs années en raison de la confusion qui était faite avec d'autres maladies entraînant la mortalité chez les petits ruminants. Sa symptomatologie, similaire à celle de la peste bovine, exige la réalisation d'un diagnostic différentiel pour ces deux maladies, en raison notamment du Programme mondial d'éradication de la peste bovine (GREP), qui prévoit l'éradication totale de cette maladie avant l'an 2010. En outre, dans les zones où la PPR est absente ou récemment introduite, rares sont les vétérinaires, les techniciens de la santé animale et les éleveurs qui connaissent les signes cliniques et le tableau lésionnel de la maladie. Ce manuel s'adresse à ces différents intervenants pour les aider à mieux reconnaître cette maladie émergente de nature transfrontalière.L'objectif de ce manuel est de faire en sorte que tous ceux qui sont concernés par la santé animale des petits ruminants «pensent PPR» et soient capables de la reconnaître rapidement, dès son apparition. Les commentaires et suggestions des lecteurs visant à améliorer le contenu de ce manuel seront les bienvenus.
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