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Sponges and their role in the marine environment











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    Brochure, flyer, fact-sheet
    Bottom Fisheries in Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction 2016
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    Fishing with bottom-contact gear in areas beyond national jurisdiction (ABNJ) occurs on continental shelves, slopes or isolated oceanic topographic structures such as seamounts, ridge systems and banks. These bottom fisheries comprise a small, yet valuable, part of ABNJ activities. FAO estimates that the total global catch in 2014 caught by bottom-contact fishing gear was less than 150 000 tonnes, comprising of more than 50 species in reported catches, and involved at least 11 flag States. R egional fisheries management organizations or arrangements (RFMO/As) and other multi-lateral bodies with a fisheries management mandate are managing these bottom fisheries in the ABNJ. Currently, there are eight of these bodies, three of which were created in the last five years.
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    Scoping study on economic linkages and options for ecosystem valuation of deep-sea living marine resources and habitats in ABNJ 2017
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    The brief provides a summary of the current state of knowledge and further information needs for valuing deep-sea sponge ground ecosystem services. The scoping study was carried out to ascertain what information and data are available on the economic value of ABNJ ecosystem services, and to assess whether (and how) a quantitative/monetary valuation might be possible. Its objective was to document and critically review current knowledge on deep-sea ecosystem-economic linkages, so as to identify n eeds, niches and options for undertaking a study to assess the economic value of ABNJ deep-sea ecosystem services. While the study considered sponges and sponge grounds alongside other deep-sea species and habitats, it did not focus solely on them.
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    What are vulnerable marine ecosystems? 2017
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    The importance of avoiding significant adverse impacts on Vulnerable Marine Ecosystems is highlighted in international fora. Sponges are identified as possible indicator species for the presence of Vulnerable Marine Ecosystems. This leaflet provides concice information of what VMEs are, explaining key concepts and definitions, including for Significant Adverse Impacts. It also provides examples of species groups, communities and habitat forming species that may contribute to the forming of VMEs in the North Atlantic.

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