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DocumentOther documentApplying a gender lens to the Veterinary Paraprofessional competency framework development toolkit 2023
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Book (stand-alone)Technical studyEmpowering women veterinary paraprofessionals through gender-responsive training
Lessons learned
2025Also available in:
No results found.Women make up two-thirds of the 600 million low-income livestock keepers globally. Despite their leading role in the day-to-day care of animals, they are severely underserved by veterinary extension and advisory services. Women frontline animal health professionals can be a crucial channel for reaching and addressing the needs of women livestock keepers, particularly in contexts where rigid gender norms restrict women’s interactions with male service providers. Yet, in sub-Saharan Africa, the veterinary workforce remains predominantly male, and women face significant gender-based challenges working in the field. These include pay gaps, conflicting family responsibilities, gender bias, sexual harassment, limited confidence, and insufficient technical training in animal restraint. As a result, many women professionals may shift to safer, more flexible, office-based positions (e.g. laboratory technicians stationed in clinics) or leave the profession entirely, furthering the gender gap in veterinary service access. Two FAO initiatives have developed and tested gender-responsive training packages for veterinary paraprofessionals to enhance productivity for both women and men livestock keepers while promoting capacity building and business sustainability for women and men frontline professionals. This paper provides an overview of how these training programmes were designed and implemented with a cross-cutting gender-responsive approach. It also shares key results, learnings, and recommendations that may benefit other stakeholders interested in integrating gender considerations into veterinary education programmes. -
NewsletterNewsletterGender Newsletter Asia Pacific January 2018 2018
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No results found.The Asia-Pacific Gender Newsletter for January 2018 showcases interventions, event, and information on FAO's work on gender equality and women's empowerment in Asia and the Pacific. This newsletter is addressed to FAO's staff and development partners as well as whoever is interesting in FAO's work related to gender equality and women's empowerment in the Asia-Pacific region. It provides background information regarding ongoing activities in specific countries and at the regional level on gender in line with FAO's Policy on Gender Equality and the Sustainable Development Goal number 5.
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Book (series)Working paperMap Accuracy Assessment and Area Estimation: A Practical Guide 2016
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No results found.Accurate and consistent information on forest area and forest area change is important given the reporting requirements for countries to access results based payments for REDD+ . Forest area change estimates usually provide data on the extent of human activity resulting in emissions (e.g. from deforestation) or removals (e.g. from afforestation), also called activity data (AD). A basic methodological approach to estimate greenhouse gas emissions and removals (IPCC, 2003), is to multiply AD with a coefficient that quantifies emissions per unit ‘activity’ (e.g. tCO2e per ha), also called an emission factor (EF). -
Book (stand-alone)Technical bookDietary assessment
A resource guide to method selection and application in low resource settings
2018Also available in:
No results found.FAO provides countries with technical support to conduct nutrition assessments, in particular to build the evidence base required for countries to achieve commitments made at the Second International Conference on Nutrition (ICN2) and under the 2016-2025 UN Decade of Action on Nutrition. Such concrete evidence can only derive from precise and valid measures of what people eat and drink. There is a wide range of dietary assessment methods available to measure food and nutrient intakes (expressed as energy insufficiency, diet quality and food patterns etc.) in diet and nutrition surveys, in impact surveys, and in monitoring and evaluation. Differenct indicators can be selected according to a study's objectives, sample population, costs and required precision. In low capacity settings, a number of other issues should be considered (e.g. availability of food composition tables, cultural and community specific issues, such as intra-household distribution of foods and eating from shared plates, etc.). This manual aims to signpost for the users the best way to measure food and nutrient intakes and to enhance their understanding of the key features, strengths and limitations of various methods. It also highlights a number of common methodological considerations involved in the selection process. Target audience comprises of individuals (policy-makers, programme managers, educators, health professionals including dietitians and nutritionists, field workers and researchers) involved in national surveys, programme planning and monitoring and evaluation in low capacity settings, as well as those in charge of knowledge brokering for policy-making. -
Book (stand-alone)Technical bookHuman energy requirements
Report of a Joint FAO/WHO/UNU Expert Consultation
2004Also available in:
No results found.Since 1949, FAO has convened groups of experts to evaluate current scientific knowledge in order to define the energy requirements of humans and propose dietary energy recommendations for populations. The World Health Organization (WHO) joined this initiative in the early 1950s, and the United Nations University (UNU) in 1981. New scientific knowledge generated in the 20 years since the last consultation was held prompted the assembly of a new expert consultation to make recommen dations for energy requirements of populations throughout the life cycle. This publication is the report of that consultation, which took place from 17 to 24 October 2001 at FAO headquarters in Rome. The report is not meant merely to describe the energy expenditure and requirements of population groups. It is intended also to be prescriptive in supporting and maintaining health and good nutrition, defining human energy requirements and proposing dietary energy recommendations for populations. The new concepts and recommendations set forth in the report include: calculation of energy requirements for all ages; modification of the requirements and dietary energy recommendations for infants, older children and adolescents; proposals for different requirements for populations with lifestyles that involve different levels of habitual physical activity; reassessment of energy requirements for adults, based on energy expenditure estimates expressed as multiples of basal metabolic rates; classification and recommendations of physical activity levels; an experimental approach for factorial estimates of the energy needs of pregnancy and lactation; and recommendations for additional dietary energy needs in the two last trimesters of pregnancy. The report is accompanied by a CD-ROM software program and instruction manual on calculating population energy requirements and food needs.