An overview of cooperatives in Turkey

Okan, C.;Okan, N.D.

An overview of cooperatives in Turkey

Policy Studies on Rural Transition No. 2013-3

Year of publication 2013

Pages 65 p.

Author Okan, C.;Okan, N.D.

Publisher FAO, Regional Office for Europe and Central Asia ;

Product type Book (series)

Edition 1

Full item page

Synopsis (short abstract) This paper was prepared within the Cooperatives and their alternatives� component of the Agrarian Structures Initiative (ASI) which a regional program of FAO in Europe and Central Asia. From the late 1970's agricultural cooperatives in Israel have undergone many structural changes, becoming decentralized, individualized and specialized. Specifically, agricultural service cooperatives have become more flexible, vertically integrated and market oriented.

Language English

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Cooperatives in the CIS and Georgia: Overview of Legislation
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Cooperatives in agriculture and in other sectors are usually created by grassroots users to overcome market failures, which are manifested in unwillingness of private business entrepreneurs to provide services in areas that they judge unprofitable or, alternatively, in unfair exploitation of the users by private businesses through monopolistic practices. Best-practice world experience suggests that farmers’ service cooperatives provide the most effective way of improving the access of small farm ers to market services in both situations. International Cooperative Alliance (ICA) defines a cooperative as an autonomous association of persons united voluntarily to meet their common economic, social, and cultural needs and aspirations through a jointly owned and democratically controlled enterprise (ICA, 2013). The persons who voluntarily unite to form a cooperative are usually referred to as members or member-owners. In this study, the cooperative laws in all 12 CIS countries (including Ge orgia) are reviewed and their compatibility with universal cooperative principles and actual practices in the West is examined.
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An overview of cooperatives in Israel
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2013

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This paper was prepared within the “Cooperatives and their alternatives” component of the Agrarian Structures Initiative (ASI) which a regional program of FAO in Europe and Central Asia. From the late 1970's agricultural cooperatives in Israel have undergone many structural changes, becoming decentralized, individualized and specialized. Specifically, agricultural service cooperatives have become more flexible, vertically integrated and market oriented.
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The report delves into the landscape of food security and nutrition across the ECO countries, encompassing Afghanistan, Azerbaijan, the Islamic Republic of Iran, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Pakistan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Türkiye, and Uzbekistan, utilizing data available until 2022. It offers insights into the state of agrifood trade within these nations from 2018 to 2021. Furthermore, it investigates the impact of two major factors: the COVID-19 pandemic on food security and the potential ramifications of the war in Ukraine on agrifood trade among these ECO countries. Structured in seven sections, the report commences with an Introduction, followed by Section 2 outlining the methodology for assessing food security and nutrition. Section 3 assesses the current status of food security across ECO countries. Notably, the data in this section does not encompass the effects of the war in Ukraine, which is separately analysed in Section 6. Section 4 emphasizes agrifood trade in ECO countries, while Section 5 analyses macroeconomic developments during COVID-19.