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Book (stand-alone)Technical studyAnalysis of food loss in the cucumber, zucchini and table grapes value chains in the West Bank, Palestine
Causes and solutions
2023Also available in:
No results found.This study analyses the extent and causes of, and potential solutions to, food loss in three food subsectors that constitute important products in terms of income, food security and nutrition in Palestine; table grapes, cucumber and zucchini. It applies FAO's food loss analysis case study methodology that includes four phases; screening of available information and data; surveying farms, wholesale markets and retailer shops; collecting and analysing samples obtained from farms, wholesale markets and retailer shops; and synthesizing the food loss estimates and solutions. For each of the three food subsectors, recommendations and solutions are proposed to reduce food loss at critical points through policy, technology, and capacity development. At the national level, the study recommends training programmes to improve extension services; regulatory enhancements to the marketability of fresh produce; improving regulation of the handling of agrochemicals; and a national multistakeholder initiative to develop food loss and waste (FLW)-focused reduction measures, policies and strategies. -
Book (series)Working paperState of research on the impacts of plastic pollution on soil health and crops 2025
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No results found.This report provides a systematic review of scientific literature examining the impacts of plastic pollution on soil ecosystems, focusing on questions related to the occurrence, persistence, and effects of plastic residues in agricultural soils. Key findings indicate that plastic pollution alters soil physical, chemical, and microbiological properties, with observed impacts even at low concentrations. These changes affect soil structure, water retention, nutrient cycles, and microbial communities, thereby posing risks to plant health, crop yields, and ultimately, food quality. Furthermore, the report explores the uptake of plastic particles and associated chemicals by plants and livestock, raising concerns about potential implications for food safety. The review highlights critical knowledge gaps in understanding the long-term impacts of pollution derived from agricultural plastics, the environmental behavior of micro- and nanoplastics, and the safety of biodegradable alternatives. -
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Book (stand-alone)Manual / guideManual on Mutation Breeding 2018The 2nd edition of Manual on Mutation Breeding (MMB) was published in 1977. After nearly 40 years it is necessary to update Member States (MSs) with current knowledge in practical plant mutation breeding methods and to provide a comprehensive overview and guidelines for crop improvement using induced mutation and mutation breeding techniques. In 1977 there were 106 IAEA Member States, and as of March 2015 there are 164 MSs. The irradiation services for mutation induction in plant breeding has risen proportionally with the number of MSs. Therefore, the interest for mutation breeding has been increasing. There are now over 3222 mutant varieties released worldwide in over 200 crop species, as compared to 571 mutant varieties in 84 crop species in 1977. Plant mutation breeding continues to be an active area for crop improvement. Plant mutation breeding is under-going a renaissance with new methods and wide application to more crop species in which it can provide shortcuts in developing new mutant varieties. This is particularly relevant in safeguarding food security and is required to meet environmental challenges caused by climate change (resistance to pest and diseases and tolerance to abiotic stresses).
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Book (stand-alone)High-profileStatus of the World's Soil Resources: Main Report 2015
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No results found.The SWSR is a reference document on the status of global soil resources that provides regional assessments of soil change. The information is based on peer-reviewed scientific literature, complemented with expert knowledge and project outputs. It provides a description and a ranking of ten major soil threats that endanger ecosystem functions, goods and services globally and in each region separately. Additionally, it describes direct and indirect pressures on soils and ways and means to combat s oil degradation. The report contains a Synthesis report for policy makers that summarizes its findings, conclusions and recommendations.The full report has been divided into sections and individual chapters for ease of downloading:
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Book (series)FlagshipThe State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2021
Transforming food systems for food security, improved nutrition and affordable healthy diets for all
2021In recent years, several major drivers have put the world off track to ending world hunger and malnutrition in all its forms by 2030. The challenges have grown with the COVID-19 pandemic and related containment measures. This report presents the first global assessment of food insecurity and malnutrition for 2020 and offers some indication of what hunger might look like by 2030 in a scenario further complicated by the enduring effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. It also includes new estimates of the cost and affordability of healthy diets, which provide an important link between the food security and nutrition indicators and the analysis of their trends. Altogether, the report highlights the need for a deeper reflection on how to better address the global food security and nutrition situation.To understand how hunger and malnutrition have reached these critical levels, this report draws on the analyses of the past four editions, which have produced a vast, evidence-based body of knowledge of the major drivers behind the recent changes in food security and nutrition. These drivers, which are increasing in frequency and intensity, include conflicts, climate variability and extremes, and economic slowdowns and downturns – all exacerbated by the underlying causes of poverty and very high and persistent levels of inequality. In addition, millions of people around the world suffer from food insecurity and different forms of malnutrition because they cannot afford the cost of healthy diets. From a synthesized understanding of this knowledge, updates and additional analyses are generated to create a holistic view of the combined effects of these drivers, both on each other and on food systems, and how they negatively affect food security and nutrition around the world.In turn, the evidence informs an in-depth look at how to move from silo solutions to integrated food systems solutions. In this regard, the report proposes transformative pathways that specifically address the challenges posed by the major drivers, also highlighting the types of policy and investment portfolios required to transform food systems for food security, improved nutrition, and affordable healthy diets for all. The report observes that, while the pandemic has caused major setbacks, there is much to be learned from the vulnerabilities and inequalities it has laid bare. If taken to heart, these new insights and wisdom can help get the world back on track towards the goal of ending hunger, food insecurity, and malnutrition in all its forms.