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Social and economic performance of tilapia farming in Brazil












Barroso, R.M., Muñoz, A.E.P. and Cai, J. 2019. Social and economic performance of tilapia farming in Brazil. FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Circular No. 1181. Rome, FAO. Licence: CC BY‐NC‐SA 3.0 IGO.




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    Tilapia Aquaculture in Mexico - Assessment with a focus on social and economic performance 2021
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    The world tilapia aquaculture production grew from 380 000 tonnes in 1990 to 6 million tonnes in 2018, making it the fourth-largest species group in global aquaculture. Tilapias are the second-largest species group in Mexico’s aquaculture with its 53 000 tonnes of production contributing to around 20 percent of the 247 000 tonnes of total aquaculture production in 2018. Mexico is the second-largest tilapia capture fisheries country, and its 116 000 tonnes of tilapia capture fisheries production in 2018 was primarily contributed by culture-based fisheries. Overall, Mexico is the second-largest international market for tilapia products, and the 228 000 tonnes live weight equivalent of its tilapia import in 2018 was higher than its domestic production. The average per capita apparent tilapia consumption in Mexico was 3.08 kg (21 percent of its total fish consumption) in 2018, which was much higher than the 0.9 kg world average. This document assesses tilapia farming and the value chain in Mexico by examining tilapia farming systems and practices, dissecting the tilapia value chain, evaluating the sector’s social and economic performance, discussing the impacts of proper governance and institutions on the sector development, and highlighting potentials, issues, constraints and challenges in the development of tilapia farming or aquaculture in general. The document ends with a brief discussion of the impacts of the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic on the tilapia industry in the country.
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    Social and economic performance of tilapia farming in Africa 2017
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    World tilapia aquaculture production grew 12 percent annually, from less than a half million tonnes in the early 1990s to over 5 million tonnes in the mid-2010s. Africa accounted for 20 percent of the growth. Yet most of the contribution came from Egypt, whereas in the mid-2010s countries in sub-Saharan Africa accounted for less than 20 percent of tilapia aquaculture production in Africa and less than 4 percent of the world production. In light of the potential fish demand driven by population a nd economic growth in Africa where tilapia is a native species favoured by most consumers, there is little doubt that there is great potential for the development of tilapia farming in Africa and in sub-Saharan Africa in particular. However, an appropriate development policy and sector management are needed to realize the potential. This collective volume includes five studies on tilapia farming in Egypt, Ghana, Kenya, Nigeria and Uganda, which together accounted for nearly 95 percent of Africa’ s tilapia aquaculture production in the mid-2010s. Each study provides a comprehensive account for the development of tilapia farming in the respective country with focus on the social and economic dimensions. Tilapia value chains are analysed in the context of the entire aquaculture or fish value chains from various perspectives (e.g. technical, economic, social and institutional). Issues, constraints and challenges are highlighted and discussed. Potential solutions are recommended. Despite the vast information and knowledge provided by the studies, there are still many unknowns about tilapia farming in Africa, especially on the economic performance. Further study is needed to fill the information and knowledge gaps.
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    Improving the performance of tilapia farming under climate variation: perspective from bioeconomic modelling
    FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Technical Paper No. 608
    2018
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    Tilapia is the world’s most popular aquaculture species, farmed mostly in earthen ponds. Experience in China, the largest tilapia farming country, is used to develop and calibrate a bioeconomic model of intensive tilapia pond culture. The model is used to simulate the impacts of climate, technical and/or economic factors on farming performance and examines the performance of various farming arrangements under different conditions. The simulation results indicate that: (i) an increase in feed price, an increase in mortality, or a decrease in fish price significantly reduces profitability, whereas an increase in the cost of seed, labour, rent, electricity or water management has smaller impacts on profitability; (ii) considering the impact of water temperature on fish growth, the profitability of a production cycle starting at the optimum timing may be twice as high as one starting at the worst possible time; (iii) farming arrangements that maximize the profit of individual fish crops may not maximize overall profitability because of path dependency of farming performance; (iv) optimal farming arrangements that maximize overall profitability can significantly improve economic performance; (v) given no price discrepancy against small-size fish, harvesting at about 300 g in two-year-five-crop arrangements could increase overall enterprise profitability by up to 50 percent compared with harvesting at > 500 g in one-year-two-crop arrangements; and (vi) a two-tier farming system that separates nursing and outgrowing ponds could allow one-year-three-crop arrangements that enhance profitability by up to nearly 90 percent compared with the one-year-two-crop arrangements. With more refined information on fish growth under different farming conditions, the model could become a decision-making tool to help farmers design optimal farming arrangements.

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