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BookletCorporate general interestStrengthening sector policies for better food security and nutrition results. Climate Change
Policy Guidance Note No. 5
2017Extreme climate events are increasing in frequency and intensity, threatening the agriculture sectors and the livelihoods they support. By impacting on agro-ecosystems, climate change and variability have socio-economic implications on the livelihoods and food security and nutrition of the most vulnerable. On the other hand, the agriculture sectors are also significant greenhouse gas emitters. This note aims to serve as orientation material for policy advisors and policymakers confronted with t he challenge of ensuring food security and nutrition in the face of climate change and extreme climate events.Visit the Webpage
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Book (stand-alone)Technical bookThe relations between climate change and child labour in agriculture
Evidence on children’s work trends after climate-related events in Côte d’Ivoire, Ethiopia, Nepal and Peru
2023Also available in:
No results found.Climate change-related events undermine children’s educational attainment, exposing them to child labour, hazardous work and forced migration. This nexus is particularly relevant for agriculture and its subsectors: indeed, they absorb about 26 percent of the economic impacts of climate change-related disasters and host 70 percent of all child labour. This study aims to identify the extent to which climate change-related events and impacts affect child labour in agriculture by exploring the underlying connection between the two challenges as the initial step towards integrating a child labour lens within the international community’s work on climate change. It showcases the multi-dimensional relationship through a mixed-methods approach in four countries: Côte d'Ivoire, Ethiopia, Nepal and Peru. The qualitative and quantitative findings propose a set of policy implications that are in line with the concept that one-size-fits-all policy prescriptions are unlikely to work, as they must be tailored to different communities based on their characteristics. -
Brochure, flyer, fact-sheetBrochureEnhancing community resilience to climate change in mountain watersheds
Project brochure
2024Also available in:
No results found.The project Enhancing community resilience to climate change in mountain watersheds (GCP/GLO/042/JPN) is implemented by the Forestry Division (NFO) of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and funded by the Forestry Agency of the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries of Japan (MAFF). It aims to strengthen the capacities of institutions and communities in forest-based disaster risk reduction (DRR) in mountain watersheds and increase the resilience of local populations through sustainable agricultural value chains for improved livelihoods.The document presents the successful implementation of identified Eco DRR measures – including on-farm adaptation practices, capacity development and agricultural value chain development, undertaken collaboratively with country and global partners – and exemplifies the role of healthy ecosystems and the benefits of Eco DRR measures for mountain livelihoods and community resilience. This serves as a cornerstone for scaling up the impact of these initiatives in other mountain regions.
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Book (stand-alone)Technical bookDoes improved irrigation technology save water?
A review of the evidence
2017Also available in:
No results found.The Near East and North Africa (NENA) Region has the lowest per-capita fresh water resource availability among all Regions of the world, consuming more than 85 percent of renewable fresh water resources through irrigation. Demography, food security policies, overall socio-economic development and climate change will accelerate the fast-widening gap between availability and demand for fresh water resources in the coming decades. How can NENA countries simultaneously reduce this gap, promote sustainable water resources management and contribute effectively to food security? Several measures are put in place. However, modernising irrigation systems remains dominant through typically converting the ‘low-efficient’ surface methods into the ‘high-efficient’ drip methods. The often underlying assumption is that increasing irrigation efficiency will allow to ‘save’ substantial amount of water that could be released for environment or other uses. The evidence from research and field measurements shows that this is not the case. While the benefit at local “on-farm” scale may be dramatic, at basin scale total water consumption by irrigation tends to increase significantly. -
Book (series)FlagshipThe State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2020
Transforming food systems for affordable healthy diets
2020Updates for many countries have made it possible to estimate hunger in the world with greater accuracy this year. In particular, newly accessible data enabled the revision of the entire series of undernourishment estimates for China back to 2000, resulting in a substantial downward shift of the series of the number of undernourished in the world. Nevertheless, the revision confirms the trend reported in past editions: the number of people affected by hunger globally has been slowly on the rise since 2014. The report also shows that the burden of malnutrition in all its forms continues to be a challenge. There has been some progress for child stunting, low birthweight and exclusive breastfeeding, but at a pace that is still too slow. Childhood overweight is not improving and adult obesity is on the rise in all regions.The report complements the usual assessment of food security and nutrition with projections of what the world may look like in 2030, if trends of the last decade continue. Projections show that the world is not on track to achieve Zero Hunger by 2030 and, despite some progress, most indicators are also not on track to meet global nutrition targets. The food security and nutritional status of the most vulnerable population groups is likely to deteriorate further due to the health and socio economic impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic.The report puts a spotlight on diet quality as a critical link between food security and nutrition. Meeting SDG 2 targets will only be possible if people have enough food to eat and if what they are eating is nutritious and affordable. The report also introduces new analysis of the cost and affordability of healthy diets around the world, by region and in different development contexts. It presents valuations of the health and climate-change costs associated with current food consumption patterns, as well as the potential cost savings if food consumption patterns were to shift towards healthy diets that include sustainability considerations. The report then concludes with a discussion of the policies and strategies to transform food systems to ensure affordable healthy diets, as part of the required efforts to end both hunger and all forms of malnutrition. -
Book (stand-alone)High-profileState of knowledge of soil biodiversity - Status, challenges and potentialities
Report 2020
2020Also available in:
No results found.There is increasing attention to the importance of biodiversity for food security and nutrition, especially above-ground biodiversity such as plants and animals. However, less attention is being paid to the biodiversity beneath our feet, soil biodiversity, which drives many processes that produce food or purify soil and water. This report is the result of an inclusive process involving more than 300 scientists from around the world under the auspices of the FAO’s Global Soil Partnership and its Intergovernmental Technical Panel on Soils, the Convention on Biological Diversity, the Global Soil Biodiversity Initiative, and the European Commission. It presents concisely the state of knowledge on soil biodiversity, the threats to it, and the solutions that soil biodiversity can provide to problems in different fields. It also represents a valuable contribution to raising awareness of the importance of soil biodiversity and highlighting its role in finding solutions to today's global threats.