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Pro-Poor Policy Options: Marginal Farmers, the Rural Landless, Women and Youths in Nepal









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    Pro-Poor Policy Options: Agricultural Research and Service Delivery in Nepal 2011
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    Agricultural research and extension/service delivery (AR&E) form a continuum, ranging from technology generation through technology transfer to adoption by farmers and increased productivity
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    Pro-Poor Policy Options: Empowering Poor Farmers in Sri Lanka 2011
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    This policy brief addresses empowerment of rural farmers as a strategy to reduce poverty in Sri Lanka. Although Farmers’ Organizations have helped improve rural life, capacity gaps and social environmental challenges remain. To this end, the brief suggests that bolstering investment in irrigation, assessing and empowering Farmers’ Organizations, and promoting private sector involvement in agricultural markets are important strategies for reducing rural poverty in Sri Lanka.
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    Pro-Poor Policy Options: Integrated Regional Development & Rural Poverty in China 2011
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    This policy brief suggests that integrated regional development is an effective strategy for reducing persistent rural poverty in China. Given the proximity of mature markets, strong government power to mobilize resources and coordinate organizations’ work, and effective stakeholder participation, the two key stages of integrated regional development include 1) infrastructure construction and 2) industrial development. Government resource mobilization and provision of public goods in the form of infrastructure will lead to improved market competitiveness and access and benefit individual households.

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    The FAOSTAT emissions database is composed of several data domains covering the categories of the IPCC Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use (AFOLU) sector of the national GHG inventory. Energy use in agriculture is additionally included as relevant to emissions from agriculture as an economic production sector under the ISIC A statistical classification, though recognizing that, in terms of IPCC, they are instead part of the Energy sector of the national GHG inventory. FAO emissions estimates are available over the period 1961–2018 for agriculture production processes from crop and livestock activities. Land use emissions and removals are generally available only for the period 1990–2019. This analytical brief focuses on overall trends over the period 2000–2018.
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    In recent years, several major drivers have put the world off track to ending world hunger and malnutrition in all its forms by 2030. The challenges have grown with the COVID-19 pandemic and related containment measures. This report presents the first global assessment of food insecurity and malnutrition for 2020 and offers some indication of what hunger might look like by 2030 in a scenario further complicated by the enduring effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. It also includes new estimates of the cost and affordability of healthy diets, which provide an important link between the food security and nutrition indicators and the analysis of their trends. Altogether, the report highlights the need for a deeper reflection on how to better address the global food security and nutrition situation.To understand how hunger and malnutrition have reached these critical levels, this report draws on the analyses of the past four editions, which have produced a vast, evidence-based body of knowledge of the major drivers behind the recent changes in food security and nutrition. These drivers, which are increasing in frequency and intensity, include conflicts, climate variability and extremes, and economic slowdowns and downturns – all exacerbated by the underlying causes of poverty and very high and persistent levels of inequality. In addition, millions of people around the world suffer from food insecurity and different forms of malnutrition because they cannot afford the cost of healthy diets. From a synthesized understanding of this knowledge, updates and additional analyses are generated to create a holistic view of the combined effects of these drivers, both on each other and on food systems, and how they negatively affect food security and nutrition around the world.In turn, the evidence informs an in-depth look at how to move from silo solutions to integrated food systems solutions. In this regard, the report proposes transformative pathways that specifically address the challenges posed by the major drivers, also highlighting the types of policy and investment portfolios required to transform food systems for food security, improved nutrition, and affordable healthy diets for all. The report observes that, while the pandemic has caused major setbacks, there is much to be learned from the vulnerabilities and inequalities it has laid bare. If taken to heart, these new insights and wisdom can help get the world back on track towards the goal of ending hunger, food insecurity, and malnutrition in all its forms.
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