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Integrating human mobility through a rural livelihood lens into national adaptation and mitigation planning

Toolkit










FAO and UNU-EHS. 2025. Integrating human mobility through a rural livelihood lens into national adaptation and mitigation planning – Toolkit. Rome.




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    Book (stand-alone)
    Integrating human mobility through a rural livelihood lens into national adaptation and mitigation planning
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    2025
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    Rural stakeholders are among the most affected by the adverse impacts of climate change due to their high dependence on resource-based livelihoods and exposure to climate hazards. When climate change undermines rural livelihoods, people may be compelled to move, or may become trapped. National Adaptation Plans (NAPs) and Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) are the plans countries prepare under the Paris Agreement to plan their climate change adaptation and mitigation efforts.NAPs and NDCs often identify agriculture as one of the main economic sectors affected by climate change impacts where action is needed to either mitigate or adapt to climate change. Some advances have also been made with regard to integrating mobility (which includes migration, displacement and planned relocation) into NAPs and NDCs. However, the links between climate change, rural livelihoods and mobility are not considered adequately. This is a missed opportunity as the role of migration as adaptation, especially in the context of rural livelihoods, is increasingly recognized.This guide aims to support stakeholders involved in the design and implementation of NAPs and NDCs to explicitly consider mobility from a rural livelihoods’ perspective. This is important for: (i) addressing the adverse drivers of mobility (and immobility) in rural areas; (ii) ensuring that mobility is an act of choice where possible; and (iii) promoting safe, ordinary and regular movement of people, including migration as adaptation.
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    Conflict, climate change, food security, and mobility in the Karamoja Cluster
    A study to analyse interactions among conflict, food security, climate change, migration and displacement factors
    2023
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    This report presents the findings of a study commissioned by FAO, IGAD CEWARN, IGAD-CBDFU and Interpeace and undertaken between November 2021 and April 2022. The study was aimed at analysing resource-based conflicts in the Karamoja Cluster in order to generate evidence on their causes and drivers, major parties, impacts and trends, with a view to recommending strategies for conflict-sensitive and peace-responsive programming that will address the root causes and drivers of conflict so as to strengthen food and nutrition security, address the drivers of displacement and enhance the capacity of communities to adapt to climate change.
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    Scoping review on the role of social protection in facilitating climate change adaptation and mitigation for economic inclusion among rural populations 2024
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    Rural populations, especially small-scale producers and women, are disproportionately impacted by climate change since their livelihoods depend largely on natural resources and weather patterns. This paper reviews the available evidence on the role of social protection programmes in facilitating climate change adaptation and mitigation, with a specific emphasis on economic inclusion for agriculture-dependent households. The review also presents available evidence on the ability of social protection programmes to contribute to mitigation targets through reduction in greenhouse gas emissions and in easing the impact of climate mitigation policies on price inflation, job losses and income insecurity.The review underscores the importance of a systems approach. Both climate policies and social protection policies should incorporate specific elements to effectively complement each other.

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