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ProjectEnhancing Countries’ Nationally Determined Contributions for Emissions Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation - MTF/GLO/168/WRI 2022
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Under the Paris Agreement on climate change, all parties are required to define and communicate their “nationally determined contributions” (NDCs), the efforts that they plan to undertake to reduce national greenhouse gas emissions and adapt to the impacts of climate change. To ensure they are sufficiently ambitious, the targets and commitments set out by countries in 2015 need updating every five years. This project represented FAO’s response to specific countries’ requests for support to conduct the first revision of NDCs in 2020. The overarching objective was to improve countries’ strategies and tools to reduce their emissions and improve adaptation in the agriculture, forestry and other land use (AFOLU) sector, addressing existing gaps in AFOLU components and resulting in more ambitious commitments and strategies. -
Book (stand-alone)Peatlands and climate planning
Part 1: Peatlands and climate commitments
2022Also available in:
No results found.Peatlands contain huge carbon stocks yet they cover only 3 percent of the world’s land area. Improved peatland management provides climate change mitigation and adaptation opportunities. Peatland conservation and restoration also secures ecosystem services that support adaptive capacity and resilience. This brief is part of the Global Peatlands Initiative’s work to support national governments in the process of enhancing their climate commitments, such as the nationally determined contributions as well as the long-term strategies through the inclusion of climate action on peatlands. Including peatlands under various sectors’ emission reduction and adaptation targets, such as in the agriculture, forestry and other land use sector, the energy sector, can greatly contribute to reaching the goals set under the Paris Agreement. This is the first of a package of products to inform key stakeholders on practical and applicable means. The authors aim to motivate national agencies to include peatland considerations into national legislative, regulatory, planning and monitoring processes to ensure climate action implementation on these ecosystems. -
Book (series)The role and potential of inland fisheries in low-emission food production and climate change mitigation 2025
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No results found.Extremely low greenhouse gas emissions are an overlooked environmental benefit of inland capture fisheries that complements their significant role in supporting livelihoods and food and nutrition security. Their avoided emissions can be calculated from the increased emissions from replacement animal protein sources, the most viable being livestock. "Attributional" avoided emissions refer to the value of current production, whereas "consequential" avoided emissions refer to the impacts of future changes through policy, management and investment that sustain or enhance inland fishery productivity, including through restoration. Low emissions from inland fisheries are due to the domination of small-scale, non-motorized operations with minimal energy used for transport and processing and minimal land-use change. Globally, inland fisheries currently avoid approximately 215 million tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent annually – around 3.5 percent of total livestock emissions – valued at about USD 20 billion per year based on current carbon prices, similar to their monetary value as food. Their relative role in national greenhouse gas balances depends on the level of fish production and total national emissions. Where significant inland fisheries occur, the attributional emissions avoided range from 3.5 percent to 17.1 percent of total national emissions in Asian nations like Viet Nam and Cambodia, respectively, and from 66.1 percent to 184.4 percent in African countries like the United Republic of Tanzania and Malawi, respectively. Despite these significant contributions, inland fisheries remain invisible in climate policy and carbon financing discussions. Recognizing their role in avoiding emissions is essential for fostering sustainable food systems, supporting ecosystem services, and advancing climate change mitigation efforts toward net-zero goals.
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