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FAO Information Pack: Supporting national efforts to minimise risks from Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR)

prepared by the FAO Regional Office for Europe and Central Asia










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    Booklet
    Assessment of antimicrobial resistance risks in six Latin American countries 2019–2021: Integrated regional project in antimicrobial resistance
    Summary report
    2022
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    In 2019, FAO launched the Integrated Regional Project (TCP/RLA/3708 and OSRO/GLO/812/NOR), with the aim of designing and adopting antimicrobial resistance (AMR) containment strategies based on the existing risks in terrestrial and aquatic animal production. One of the project outcomes was a qualitative assessment of the risks of AMR in terrestrial and aquatic animal production systems, using the 'FAO tool for a situation analysis of AMR risks in the food and agriculture sectors', developed by the FAO Regional Office for Latin America and the Caribbean (FAO RLC). The tool aims to provide a qualitative and systematic assessment of the risks and gaps of animal production systems (terrestrial and aquatic species) related to AMR at the national level, and which can affect both animal and human health. This report represents a summary of the results obtained from the application of the tool in six Latin American countries, from 2019 to 2021. The results show the evaluation of the factors involved in the epidemiological pathways of AMR, the mitigation measures associated with these pathways, and the sustainability aspects of the system that are connected to the generation and dissemination of AMR from the animal production chain.
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    Booklet
    White paper: Antimicrobial resistance in the animal sector in India 2024
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    The phenomenon in which bacteria do not respond to antibiotics, when given in accordance with standard treatment guidelines, is called antimicrobial resistance (AMR). It leads to prolonged treatment, longer infectivity of the patient, use of additional and expensive investigations and potentially toxic drugs, and huge economic cost to the patient, society, and the country. AMR has been developing rapidly against even newly discovered antibiotics. The bacteria are versatile and ingenious in developing a plethora of defence mechanisms against antibiotics. Many bacterial species have accumulated resistance to multiple drugs. These are known as multidrug-resistant (MDR) organisms and in layman language as “superbugs”. The spectrum and reach of MDR pathogens have been rapidly increasing. AMR in animal pathogens makes disease treatments ineffective, increases the severity of the disease, reduces productivity and leads to economic losses. In addition, more than half the quantity of antimicrobials used in animals/fish is excreted as waste contaminating soil, water and the environment. This also contributes to the emergence and spread of AMR through selection pressure on microorganisms in the environment. Besides, antimicrobial usage can lead to antimicrobials residues in the edible animal/fish products which are a public health risk.
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    Book (stand-alone)
    Tackling antimicrobial resistance in food and agriculture 2024
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    The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) leads the global response to antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in the food and agriculture sectors. Its work in response to the many challenges of AMR is currently guided by the FAO Action Plan on Antimicrobial Resistance 2021–2025. This first report on FAO’s contribution to the global response to AMR outlines a wide range of activities undertaken by FAO at global, regional and country level. This report: • describes FAO’s role in the global governance of AMR; • provides an overview of progress on implementing national action plans on AMR in agrifood systems; • highlights key activities undertaken to implement the FAO Action Plan on AMR 2021–2025; and • flags key challenges and opportunities related to AMR in the food and agriculture sectors. The AMR response in the food and agriculture sectors requires more and better evidence, more informed, more widespread interventions to reduce the threat of AMR, greater resources, stronger capacity and more robust governance to ensure effective stakeholder engagement and sustained commitment and action based on the One Health approach to reduce AMU, particularly at country level.

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