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BookletTechnical briefGovernment expenditures in agriculture 2001–2023
Global and regional trends
2025Also available in:
No results found.Since 2012, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) has collected government expenditure on agriculture (GEA) data through a questionnaire sent annually in May to more than 190 countries. Government expenditures reflect countries’ priorities in terms of programmes and sectors and can be used as a direct response to cushion the impacts of economic and social challenges such as a global pandemic, natural disasters or increasing inflation. This brief analyses the latest data available in FAOSTAT, for the period 2001–2023. -
BookletTechnical briefGovernment expenditures in agriculture 2001–2024
Global and regional trends
2025Also available in:
No results found.Government expenditures reflect countries’ priorities in terms of programmes and sectors and can be used as a direct response to cushion the impacts of economic and social challenges such as a global pandemic, natural disasters or increasing inflation. This brief analyses the latest data available in FAOSTAT for 2001–2024.In 2024, global public expenditures totalled USD 40 trillion in nominal terms, or 36 percent of the global gross domestic product. Of this amount, an estimated all-time high USD 725 billion went to agriculture. -
BookletCorporate general interestGovernment expenditures in agriculture 2001–2022
Global and regional trends
2023Also available in:
No results found.Since 2012, FAO has collected government expenditure on agriculture (GEA) data through a questionnaire sent annually in May to more than 190 countries. Government expenditures reflect countries’ priorities in terms of programmes and sectors and can be used as a direct response to cushion the impacts of economic and social challenges such as the COVID-19 pandemic, natural disasters or increasing inflation. This brief analyses the latest data, available for the period 2001–2022. In 2022, global government expenditures reached USD 36 trillion and represented 36.7 percent of the global gross domestic product (GDP). Between 2001 and 2022, total government expenditures showed an increasing trend in nominal terms, from the current USD 12 trillion in 2001 to 37 trillion in 2021, and declined to USD 36 trillion in 2022. Throughout the period, government expenditures represented between 35 and 42 percent of the global GDP.
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Book (series)FlagshipThe State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2021
Transforming food systems for food security, improved nutrition and affordable healthy diets for all
2021In recent years, several major drivers have put the world off track to ending world hunger and malnutrition in all its forms by 2030. The challenges have grown with the COVID-19 pandemic and related containment measures. This report presents the first global assessment of food insecurity and malnutrition for 2020 and offers some indication of what hunger might look like by 2030 in a scenario further complicated by the enduring effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. It also includes new estimates of the cost and affordability of healthy diets, which provide an important link between the food security and nutrition indicators and the analysis of their trends. Altogether, the report highlights the need for a deeper reflection on how to better address the global food security and nutrition situation.To understand how hunger and malnutrition have reached these critical levels, this report draws on the analyses of the past four editions, which have produced a vast, evidence-based body of knowledge of the major drivers behind the recent changes in food security and nutrition. These drivers, which are increasing in frequency and intensity, include conflicts, climate variability and extremes, and economic slowdowns and downturns – all exacerbated by the underlying causes of poverty and very high and persistent levels of inequality. In addition, millions of people around the world suffer from food insecurity and different forms of malnutrition because they cannot afford the cost of healthy diets. From a synthesized understanding of this knowledge, updates and additional analyses are generated to create a holistic view of the combined effects of these drivers, both on each other and on food systems, and how they negatively affect food security and nutrition around the world.In turn, the evidence informs an in-depth look at how to move from silo solutions to integrated food systems solutions. In this regard, the report proposes transformative pathways that specifically address the challenges posed by the major drivers, also highlighting the types of policy and investment portfolios required to transform food systems for food security, improved nutrition, and affordable healthy diets for all. The report observes that, while the pandemic has caused major setbacks, there is much to be learned from the vulnerabilities and inequalities it has laid bare. If taken to heart, these new insights and wisdom can help get the world back on track towards the goal of ending hunger, food insecurity, and malnutrition in all its forms. -
BookletCorporate general interestEmissions due to agriculture
Global, regional and country trends 2000–2018
2021Also available in:
No results found.The FAOSTAT emissions database is composed of several data domains covering the categories of the IPCC Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use (AFOLU) sector of the national GHG inventory. Energy use in agriculture is additionally included as relevant to emissions from agriculture as an economic production sector under the ISIC A statistical classification, though recognizing that, in terms of IPCC, they are instead part of the Energy sector of the national GHG inventory. FAO emissions estimates are available over the period 1961–2018 for agriculture production processes from crop and livestock activities. Land use emissions and removals are generally available only for the period 1990–2019. This analytical brief focuses on overall trends over the period 2000–2018. -
Book (series)Technical studyGender and Land Statistics 2015
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No results found.Although there is global consensus that women’s land rights are fundamental for the realization of food security and rural development, accurate and reliable statistics to monitor the attainment and realisation of these rights are still lacking. However, landownership and management statistics are becoming increasingly available as multiple international efforts are underway, including the ‘52 Minimum Set of Gender Indicators’ approved by the UN Statistical Commission, methodological work under the UN EDGE (Evidence for Data and Gender Equality) project on collecting sex disaggregated landownership data, and FAO World Programme of Agricultural Census 2000, all which encourage countries to compile and report key sex-disaggregated indicators, including those related to land rights. This document summarizes these current efforts to streamline and compile international statistics on gender and land in a unified framework, providing an entry point for the statistical work in the Gender and Land Rights Database (GLRD) The document also summarizes current available statistics in the database (and at global level) and future FAO's work to increase their availability, particularly to monitor targets of the SDGs.