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DocumentOther documentStorage behavior of the endangered alpine conifer Abies nephrolepis Maxim.
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Abies nephrolepis (Trautv. ex Maxim.) is an endangered alpine coniferous tree that is known to require internal and external preservation. Whether its seeds can be stored at long-term storage conditions (-20°C, 40% RH or below) remains unclear. Whether seeds can be stored at long-term storage conditions could be determined according to their storage behaviour. Only orthodox seeds can store long-term under the above conditions. Therefore, this study was conducted to identify storage behaviors of endangered alpine coniferous seeds for a safe storage. In 2019, seeds of sapling trees were collected from Pyeongchang-gun, Gangwon-do. Equilibrium relative humidity of these seeds was measured immediately after collection and the condition of these seeds was confirmed through a vitality test. To determine the storage behaviour, the moisture content was measured under five conditions (temperature of 15°C and relative humidity of 15, 20, 30, 40, and 50%). Change in vitality according to drying was confirmed. The vitality test was conducted in the following order: X-ray test, germination under 10 temperature conditions between 5 and 35°C, and TZ test of ungerminated seeds. Immediately after collection, the equilibrium relative humidity (eRH) of seed was around 43% and seed vitality was 52.5 ± 16.0%. The highest vitality (50.0 ± 5.8%) was identified under 15% equilibrium relative humidity. It was not significantly different from the vitality immediately after collection. At this time, the moisture content was about 4.33% F.wt. This shows the characteristics of an orthodox seed that does not lose vitality even when it is dried under 15% relative humidity. This means that these seeds can be stored under long-term storage conditions (-20°C, 40% RH or less) after drying. To verify the storage behaviour of Abies nephrolepis - Orthodox - dry seeds at 15°C and relative humidity of 15%, seeds are stored at -20°C for 3 months to check the change in vitality. Keywords: Biodiversity conservation, Climate change, Agriculture, Deforestation and forest degradation ID: 3623102 -
DocumentOther documentNewly proposed harvest method, branch-cut harvest for Aralia elata extends cold storage life and maintains the quality of edible shoots
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Aralia elata which is called “Dureup” in Korea, is one of the indigenous species in Korea having 1-6 m height, 8-10 cm root collar diameter with brown-gray bark and canary yellow fresh branches and sparse fine thorns. The edible young shoot of A. elata is well-known for its high nutrients and medicinal effects which is helpful to human health. In despite of the nutritional advantages, it is hard to store more than one week in cold storage due to its vigorous metabolic activities after harvest. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of branch-cut harvest method on shoot quality characteristics and storability compared with the shoot harvested with conventional method. The harvest method was divided into two conditions; 1) shoot was nipped off with hands, named shoot harvest (SH) and 2) 5 cm of branch cut with the shoot using pruning scissor, named shoot with branch-cut harvest (SBH).
The bunches of shoots from each harvesting method were collected into plastic boxes and then stored at 3±1 °C for 7 weeks.
After 4 weeks of storage, weight loss of SH (17.1%) was about two-fold higher than SBH (9.1%). Additionally, water content of SH decreased 81.9% to 75.9%, while SBH showed 81.9% at harvest and 80.5% after 4 weeks. Lightness of shoot leaves in SH was lower than SBH during whole storage period. Wilt, decay and off-odor index (0-5) showed 1.2, 5.0 and 0.7 in SH while 3.8, 3.8 and 3.7 in SBH after 4 weeks, respectively. Overall quality index (0-15) was rapidly decreasing 15.0 to 7.3 in SH while SBH slightly reduced 15.0 to 12.2 after 4 weeks. These results indicate that the quality of A. elata shoot mainly affected by wilt and off-odor index after harvesting.
In conclusion, it is able to maintain product quality for 4 weeks after harvest to use the SBH method, which is a remarkable extension storage life of A. elata. Keywords: Food systems, Human health and well-being, Innovation, Research, Value chain ID: 3622939 -
DocumentOther documentAssessment of carbon storage capacity by substitution of wood in public facility
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.This study was conducted to discuss the carbon storage effect of wood use as a sustainable way to reduce carbon dioxide emissions in cities, a major source of greenhouse gas emissions. Wood delays the release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere until its final decomposition. Thus, wood utilization is known as a good way to reduce greenhouse gases. At this point where carbon neutrality is a top priority worldwide, the best way to use wood as a carbon storage is to use wood as a high-demand and long-lasting urban facility or building. Adding or replacing wood facilities and buildings in a city will transform a city that emits carbon into a city that stores carbon. To implement a wooden city for carbon neutrality, international discussions on carbon storage in wood products and overseas cases promoting the use of wood in cities were reviewed and analyzed. In addition, the amount of carbon storage was quantitatively evaluated assuming that Seoullo 7017, an existing public facility in the urban space of Seoul, was replaced with wood. Keywords: Human health and well-being ID: 3622482
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DocumentOther documentISPM 18. Requirements for the use of irradiation as a phytosanitary measure
Adopted 2023
2023This standard provides technical guidance on the application of ionizing radiation as a phytosanitary measure. This standard does not provide details on specific irradiation treatments, such as specific treatment schedules for specific regulated pests on specific commodities, or treatments used for the production of sterile organisms for pest control. -
Book (series)FlagshipThe State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2021
Transforming food systems for food security, improved nutrition and affordable healthy diets for all
2021In recent years, several major drivers have put the world off track to ending world hunger and malnutrition in all its forms by 2030. The challenges have grown with the COVID-19 pandemic and related containment measures. This report presents the first global assessment of food insecurity and malnutrition for 2020 and offers some indication of what hunger might look like by 2030 in a scenario further complicated by the enduring effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. It also includes new estimates of the cost and affordability of healthy diets, which provide an important link between the food security and nutrition indicators and the analysis of their trends. Altogether, the report highlights the need for a deeper reflection on how to better address the global food security and nutrition situation.To understand how hunger and malnutrition have reached these critical levels, this report draws on the analyses of the past four editions, which have produced a vast, evidence-based body of knowledge of the major drivers behind the recent changes in food security and nutrition. These drivers, which are increasing in frequency and intensity, include conflicts, climate variability and extremes, and economic slowdowns and downturns – all exacerbated by the underlying causes of poverty and very high and persistent levels of inequality. In addition, millions of people around the world suffer from food insecurity and different forms of malnutrition because they cannot afford the cost of healthy diets. From a synthesized understanding of this knowledge, updates and additional analyses are generated to create a holistic view of the combined effects of these drivers, both on each other and on food systems, and how they negatively affect food security and nutrition around the world.In turn, the evidence informs an in-depth look at how to move from silo solutions to integrated food systems solutions. In this regard, the report proposes transformative pathways that specifically address the challenges posed by the major drivers, also highlighting the types of policy and investment portfolios required to transform food systems for food security, improved nutrition, and affordable healthy diets for all. The report observes that, while the pandemic has caused major setbacks, there is much to be learned from the vulnerabilities and inequalities it has laid bare. If taken to heart, these new insights and wisdom can help get the world back on track towards the goal of ending hunger, food insecurity, and malnutrition in all its forms. -
DocumentGuidelineISPM 23. Guidelines for inspection
Adopted 2005
2019This standard describes procedures for the inspection of consignments of plants, plant products and other regulated articles at import and export. It is focused on the determination of compliance with phytosanitary regulations, based on visual examination, documentary checks, and identity and integrity checks.