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Capacity Building related to Multilateral Environmental Agreements in African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) countries - Clean-up of obsolete pesticides, pesticides management and sustainable pest management project - GCP/INT/063/EC

Final Evaluation Report










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    Project
    Factsheet
    Building Capacity Related to Multilateral Environmental Agreements in African, Caribbean and Pacific Countries - GCP/INT/153/EC 2019
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    In the majority of developing countries, pesticides are widely used for the control of pestsand diseases in agriculture. Unsound chemical management, the use of HighlyHazardousPesticides (HHPs), the presence of unsafe guarded obsolete stocks of pesticides and the overall poor management of pesticide products pose significant and often unacceptable risks to human healt hand the environment. The project (of whichthiswasthe second phase) waspart of the EuropeanCommission programme on “CapacityBuilding relatedto MultilateralEnvironmentalAgreements(MEAs) in African, Caribbean and Pacific countries”. The second phase of this project aimed to support and strengthen institutional and national capacity building for the synergistic implementation of the target MEA clusters (chemicals/wastesand biodiversity) in African, Caribbean and Pacific Group of States (ACP) countries, and to assist them to meet the objectives of these MEAs.
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    Book (series)
    Evaluation report
    Terminal evaluation of the project "Disposal of obsolete pesticides including persistent organic pesticides, promotion of alternatives and strengthening pesticides management in the Caribbean"
    Project code: GCP/SLC/204/GFF - GEF ID: 5407
    2021
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    Caribbean nations, in particular SIDS, have been traditionally vulnerable to the entry of potentially harmful, unregistered and unregulated pesticides. In many of these countries, the legislation and regulations for managing pesticides are fragmented and at various stages of development. Under the overall objective to promote sound management of pesticides in the Caribbean, the project kick-started various activities covering pesticide life-cycle management in the region, drafted a regional model pesticide legislation and facilitated different vital elements. It specifically contributed to the collection and shipment of obsolete pesticides (319 tonnes) from all 11 project countries and polychlorinated biphenyls (54 tonnes) from four countries. However, it has not been able to successfully replicate, scale up nationally and build capacities with government stakeholders evenly across all countries. Further follow-up and support are required to ensure sustainability and impact in the region and the project countries and thus the engagement of the private sector and civil society organizations will be critical.

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    The purpose of this manual is to give the reader a foundation of practical knowledge regarding all aspects of Pacific oyster cultivation. It is targeted at new entrants to the market wishing to establish a farm, and existing operators who wish to develop their farms and explore new cultivation techniques. The methodologies described can be applied both to low-tech, low budget, small-scale farming operations and to high-tech, big budget, industrial-scale aquaculture production enterprises. This guide focuses on the functional expertise and technical equipment required to construct and manage an operational farm in the diverse environmental and physical locations in which they can be situated, from the initial stages of finding and selecting a suitable site, to the conclusion of the first production cycle and harvesting the crop. The manual contains a brief introduction which describes the relevance of the species with regards to global aquaculture production figures and how it can form an important part of future food production strategies. Chapter 2 describes the anatomy and biology of Crassostrea gigas and gives an indication as to the environmental conditions in which the species thrives as well as the pathologies and predators that can result in poor health leading to potential mortalities. Chapter 3 deals with all aspects of undertaking a survey of potential oyster farming sites and what data should be collected and examined to assess a site’s suitability, but also which areas are best suited to different cultivation techniques. After this, Chapter 4 introduces the main farming techniques that will be described in detail in the following chapters, which includes off-bottom cultivation, on-bottom cultivation, and suspended cultivation, and gives details of some of the most common cultivation equipment necessary to undertake these operations. The techniques and strategies necessary to procure seed oysters and how to develop them through the nursery stage are also introduced. This includes the basic principles of upwelling, which then leads into Chapter 5, which provides a detailed description of how to build and operate one particular example of a Floating Upwelling System (Flupsy) which is suitable for use in remote but sheltered conditions. Chapters 6, 7 and 8 constitute the main body of the manual and provide an in-depth look into the three major cultivation techniques that this guide concentrates on: “Farming with trestles and bags in the intertidal zone”, “On-bottom cultivation in the intertidal or subtidal zone” and “Offshore longline cultivation”.
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