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ArticleForest sector workforce in the UNECE region. Overview of the social and economic trends with impact on the forest sector
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.The nature of forest work is changing. Over the last several decades, forest management priorities have been evolving from timber extraction towards a comprehensive ecosystem services management. Work structures have been adapting to the challenges of global economy such as globalization of commodity markets as well as pressures on productivity and on workers safety, health and wellbeing. In the last several decades, large companies have downsized, relocated or closed with substantial impact on forest workers and local communities. Many former corporations have outsourced work to a growing number of contractors who have different work, management and communication cultures. That created possibilities for innovation, for adapting to new niches, such as community-owner or worker-owned businesses, and for development of contractor associations. In the view of the transition of global economy to a green and sustainable model, forest sector needs to continuously look ahead to what the future of the forest work will be and where the new developments may come from, in particular, in the context of attracting a qualified and young workforce to fill in new jobs. Today the forest workforce in the UNECE region is very diverse, although still employing disproportionately few women. Further development of this trend will depend on the revision of existing curricula with a view to adaptation to new career paths and to offering modern careers ensuring inclusive transition of the sector to a green and sustainable economy model. A key element to that will be the emphasis on the aspect of natural resources management and the enhancement of all forest ecosystems functions. Keywords: employment, forest workforce, green economy, ecosystem services management, occupational safety and health ID: 3470667 -
ArticleAssessing the contribution and linkages of the forest sector to the national economy: Case studies on Finland, Malawi, and the United States of America
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Economic contribution of the forest sector is commonly downplayed by only considering its direct impacts while overlooking the ripple effects on other sectors of the economy. This lack of recognition often puts the forest sector in a less favorable position in developing national development strategy and impedes unlocking the sector’s full potential towards sustainable development. This study used three case studies (Finland, Malawi, and the United States of America) to illustrate how the forest sector contributed to national economies through direct, indirect, and induced effects. It identifies and quantifies how the forest sector is linked to other sectors of the economy via backward and forward linkages, and compares the structure of the sectoral linkages across the three studied countries. A structural path analysis approach based on social accounting matrices was used for the analysis. The forest sector was found having a promising potential to contribute to national economies through direct contribution and pathways via other sectors. The forest sector’s indirect and induced effects were found higher than its direct effects in terms of employment, valued added, and labour income. Wood-based processing subsectors in general had higher economic multipliers than the forestry and logging subsector. The real estate, wholesale trade, and food sectors were among the top backward-linked sectors of the forest sector and the construction sector was among the top forward-linked sectors for all three countries. There were great variations in how the forest sector interacts with other sectors among the studied countries. Stage of development, resource endowments, forest tenure, geo-economics, positions in international trade, and national forest policy all played some roles. The results can advance our understanding of the sectoral linkages of the forest sector in national economy and provide thoughts on how to weave the forest sector into national development strategies in a holistic way. Keywords: economic contribution analysis, sectoral linkage, social accounting matrix, structural path analysis, forest sector ID: 3485504 -
ArticleSocial forestry programs: A responsible investment to support sustainable forest management and provide alternative income for local communities, Indonesia
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Community-Based Forest Management (CBFM) has had a long experience in Indonesia to support the sustainable forest management. The CBFM approach has evolved into a new model, i.e., Social Forestry (SF). The SF drives to a more legal access from local community to utilize forest area. This SF opens opportunity for a more responsible investment by private sector to create cooperation’s with community organizations. The Forest Investment Program-1 implements CBFM through SF and has conducted activities in 17 villages, targeted a 17,000 ha into an agreement between communities with FMU and private sectors. A SWOT analysis is used to identify potential commodities in the targeted village and also to assess capacity of community organization. Interviews and focused group discussions were conducted to facilitate the development of a proposed cooperation with external parties for potential investment. Within the FIP-1 villages, there are five licenses for Social Forestry. Additionally, 6 new licenses are in the process. A total of USD 5 Million investment is planned for 17 villages. In average, for those 5 villages that has obtained SF licenses, a total of USD 1.6 Million have been invested in creating alternative livelihood, including USD 100 K/village for bee keeping, aquaculture and handicraft business development, USD 1.3 M for forestry program, and USD 222 K for village infrastructure program. Keywords: social forestry, sustainable forest management, Kalimantan, community forest ID: 3488277
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