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Brochure, flyer, fact-sheetBrochureDepredation by marine mammals in the Mediterranean, Black Sea and contiguous Atlantic area
Brief
2024Also available in:
No results found.Marine mammal depredation, whereby marine mammals remove catches from nets and damage fishing gear, has become an issue worldwide, affecting both the survival of wild marine mammals populations and fishers’ livelihoods. However, the lack of data regarding the scope of these interactions in the Mediterranean and the Black Sea hinders the ability to protect both parties. As interactions between fishers and marine mammals in the region become more frequent, loss of income can create conflicts, undermining efforts to improve both marine mammal conservation and fishery sustainability in the region. This brief summarizes the review produced jointly by the Agreement on the Conservation of Cetaceans of the Black Sea, Mediterranean Sea and contiguous Atlantic Area (ACCOBAMS) and the General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean (GFCM) and aims at providing policy makers and other interested parties with relevant baseline data and information on marine mammal depredation, mainly involving dolphins, in the Mediterranean and the Black Sea. -
Book (series)Technical studyDolphin depredation in Mediterranean and Black Sea fisheries
Methodology for data collection
2022Also available in:
No results found.When marine mammals come into physical contact with fishing gear, there can be harmful effects to both the animals and fishers. The animals may be incidentally caught in fishing gear, or in the case of depredation, marine mammals – usually dolphins – may remove and/or damage fish captured in nets or hooks, resulting in damage to fishing gear, loss of capture and consequently lower catch values and fisher revenues. Depredation can also lead to entanglement, which can in turn produce incidental catch. The competitive overlap between dolphins and humans at sea represents a worldwide issue, as it affects both the survival of wild dolphin populations and the livelihoods of fishers, and it is receiving growing attention from fisheries management organizations around the globe. Many gaps still remain, however, in the knowledge of the actual extent of the problem, including in the Mediterranean and the Black Sea. In order to understand and mitigate dolphin depredation in the region through effective management measures, adequate regional/subregional and national monitoring programmes are required to obtain representative data on dolphin depredation events during sampled fishing operations. The purpose of this protocol, which allows for replicability and comparisons among fisheries across the region, is to facilitate and improve data collection in a harmonized and standardized way. Its aim is to improve understanding of the dolphin populations involved in depredation events, assess the regional magnitude of depredation to determine the economic losses suffered by fishers, identify the typologies of fishing practices that lead to depredation, as well as potential mitigation measures, and collect information for the conservation of marine mammals. -
Book (series)Technical studyMonitoring incidental catch of vulnerable species in the Mediterranean and the Black Sea: Methodology for data collection 2019
Also available in:
Bycatch – a term widely used to refer to the part of catch unintentionally captured during a fishing operation, in addition to target species, and consisting of discards and incidental catches of vulnerable species – is considered one of the most important threats to the profitability and sustainability of fisheries, as well as to the conservation of the marine environment and ecosystems. In the Mediterranean, studies on the incidental catch of vulnerable species cover only a small portion of the total fishing activity. In addition, there are several important knowledge gaps for many types of fishing gear, and several countries and/or subregions, as well as on temporal scales, and only a few measures are in place that address the protection of vulnerable species. Monitoring programmes and surveys on incidental catches, which follow a harmonized methodology allowing for results to be compared across subregions, are necessary to improve knowledge on the issue and to subsequently support the identification of potential mitigation methods and tools, and relevant management measures. This publication and the methodology contained herein aim to provide a framework for the development and implementation of an efficient, standardized data collection and monitoring system for all vulnerable species encountered in the Mediterranean and the Black Sea, namely elasmobranchs, marine mammals, seabirds, sea turtles, and macrobenthic invertebrates.
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BookletCorporate general interestEmissions due to agriculture
Global, regional and country trends 2000–2018
2021Also available in:
No results found.The FAOSTAT emissions database is composed of several data domains covering the categories of the IPCC Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use (AFOLU) sector of the national GHG inventory. Energy use in agriculture is additionally included as relevant to emissions from agriculture as an economic production sector under the ISIC A statistical classification, though recognizing that, in terms of IPCC, they are instead part of the Energy sector of the national GHG inventory. FAO emissions estimates are available over the period 1961–2018 for agriculture production processes from crop and livestock activities. Land use emissions and removals are generally available only for the period 1990–2019. This analytical brief focuses on overall trends over the period 2000–2018. -
Book (series)Technical reportGeneral Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean (GFCM) – Report of the forty-seventh session
FAO headquarters, Rome, Italy, 4–8 November 2024
2025This report summarizes the discussions held during the forty-seventh session of the General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean and fourteenth session of the Committee on Administration and Finance. During the session, progress on activities related to fisheries, aquaculture, compliance and other strategic activities was reviewed. The Commission adopted 12 binding recommendations and 5 resolutions related to fisheries management and conservation, aquaculture and compliance. Finally, the Commission adopted its programme of work for the next intersession and approved its autonomous budget for 2025, 2026 and 2027, as well as a number of strategic actions to be funded through extrabudgetary resources. The Commission also extended the mandate of its current Bureau for two additional years and endorsed the new Bureaus of the Compliance Committee and the Scientific Advisory Committee on Fisheries. -
Book (series)FlagshipThe State of Mediterranean and Black Sea Fisheries 2023
Special edition
2023Also available in:
No results found.This 2023 special edition of the GFCM’s flagship publication, The State of Mediterranean and Black Sea Fisheries, updates statistics and figures on the status and management of fisheries in the region and includes, for the first time, an overview of regional indicators on the aquaculture sector in Mediterranean and Black Sea countries. It aims to deliver useful and reliable data to a wide audience as an essential source of information on fisheries and aquaculture in the region and a key tool to support decision-making and monitor progress towards the goals set by the GFCM. The fifth instalment of its series, this publication covers topics of regional importance in the fisheries and aquaculture sectors over the course of seven chapters. Fleet status and capture fisheries production are the focus of the first two chapters, which include figures on fishing capacity and landings by country and fleet segment. Chapter three captures the human dimension behind the region’s fisheries through socioeconomic data on revenue and employment. In chapter four, information on discards is updated and categorized for the main fishing fleets in each GFCM subregion, along with details on the species that make up this important component of the catch. Chapter five reviews the status of fisheries resources, especially regional trends and trends in priority species, while chapter seven summarizes relevant existing and new adopted measures towards the sustainability of key fisheries and the protection of vulnerable ecosystems. Aquaculture is included in this edition for the first time, described in terms of volume and socioeconomic indicators in chapter six.