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BookletAnnual reportSpecial Fund for Emergency and Rehabilitation Activities (SFERA) | Annual Report 2019 2020
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No results found.The Special Fund for Emergency and Rehabilitation Activities (SFERA) enables the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) to take rapid and effective action in response to food and agricultural threats and emergencies. The Fund has three components: (i) a working capital component to advance funds once a resource partner’s commitment is secured toward the immediate procurement of inputs to protect livelihoods, restart agricultural activities or contribute to an immediate response to a crisis; (ii) a revolving fund component to support FAO’s involvement in needs assessment and programme development, early establishment and reinforcement of emergency country team capacities, Level 3 emergency preparedness, and response activities; and (iii) a programme component, which pools resources in support of a programme framework for large-scale emergencies or strategically complements ongoing programmes through the Agricultural Inputs Response Capacity (AIRC) window, as well as early actions triggered by corporate early warnings. From its inception in 2004 through 31 December 2019, SFERA received USD 249 million, of which 210.2 million were allocated as follows: (i) USD 105.3 were allocated to large-scale programmes (e.g. sudden onset disasters, El Niño response, highly pathogenic avian influenza, locust outbreaks, fall armyworm, and protracted crises); (ii) USD 53.5 million were distributed under the AIRC window; (iii) USD 28 million were used to reinforce country office emergency response capacities and support need assessments and programme formulation; (iv) USD 13.7 million were distributed to the Level 3 emergencies preparedness and response window, and (v) USD 9.7 million were contributed to the early action window. Since SFERA’s inception, under its working capital component, USD 412.4 million have been advanced to fund immediate emergency projects, of which USD 21.5 million were advanced over the reporting period. Outstanding advances as at 31 December 2019 amounted to USD 0.3 million. SFERA’s cash balance as at 31 December 2019 was USD 38.6 million.
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Policy briefPolicy briefAgricultural cooperatives, responsible sourcing and risk-based due diligence 2022
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The objective of this technical paper is to consider how agricultural cooperatives in developing and transitional economies can help reduce adverse environmental, social and development impacts in global agricultural value chains (GVCs), including through risk-based due diligence. As an increasing number of governments begin to advance new or more stringent corporate sustainability and due diligence regulations, this paper assesses how agricultural cooperatives in developing contexts can adapt their training and extension services to help members, including smallholder farmers, meet the changing market needs on responsible agricultural production and sourcing. By implementing key recommendations from the OECD-FAO Guidance for Responsible Agricultural Supply Chains and it’s five-step framework for risk-based due diligence, cooperatives can demonstrate their compliance with government-backed standards on responsible business conduct (RBC) and increase their competitiveness as a responsible supplier in GVCs. For downstream companies, this brief highlights the risks, challenges and opportunities smallholder producers and their cooperatives may face to meet buyer food quality, safety and sustainable production requirements. Further, governments and other actors, such as non-governmental organizations, may find this paper useful in considering how agricultural trade and development policies can better support cooperatives in meeting downstream responsible sourcing requirements. -
Book (stand-alone)Technical bookClimate change and food security: risks and responses 2015
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End hunger, achieve food security and improve nutrition are at the heart of the sustainable development goals. The World has committed to eradicate extreme poverty and hunger by 2030. But climate change is undermining the livelihoods and food security of the rural poor, who constitute almost 80 percent of the world’s poor. The effects of climate change on our ecosystems are already severe and widespread. Climate change brings a cascade of impacts from agroecosystems to livelihoods. Climate change impacts directly agroecosystems, which in turn has a potential impact on agricultural production, which drives economic and social impacts, which impact livelihoods. In other words, impacts translate from climate to the environment, to the productive sphere, to economic and social dimensions. Therefore, ensuring food security in the face of climate change is among the most daunting challenges facing humankind. Action is urgently needed now to reduce vulnerability and increase resilience of food systems to ensure food security and good nutrition for all. -