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Policy briefPolicy briefReducing food loss and valorizing fruits and residues to boost avocado industry sustainability and profitability 2024
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Avocados, like other tropical fruits, are susceptible to food loss and waste due to their high moisture content and perishable nature. Factors including climate change, inadequate infrastructure and handling during harvesting, packaging and transportation increase the risk of food loss, impacting fruit supply and quality. Embracing strategies to reduce losses and maximize the use of non-marketable and damaged avocado fruit and residues is a win-win for businesses and global sustainability objectives including food security and climate action. By reducing losses, producers and businesses can also increase their competitiveness and resilience and enhance their reputation with markets and customers. This technical brief presents practical ideas on how stakeholders operating in avocado value chains can minimize food loss and valorize residues. The Sustainable Tropical Fruits series highlights important developments, technical information and good practices related to resilient, sustainable and inclusive tropical fruit value chains. For more information or to suggest future topics, please contact Responsible-Fruits@fao.org. -
Book (stand-alone)Manual / guideReducing food loss and waste in the processing, distribution and retail operations of micro, small and medium-sized food processing enterprises
A technical manual
2024Also available in:
Reducing food loss and waste (FLW) is an important concern for all stakeholders across the food value chain – from producers, those involved in harvesting, handling, distribution, processing, and retail, to consumers. There is an urgent need to raise awareness and, more importantly, build the technical capacities of micro, small and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) in the agrifood sector, allowing them to reduce the levels of food loss in their processing and distribution operations. This manual is designed as an easy-to-use, informational, and instructional resource on how to measure and reduce food losses at the MSME level, and to reduce food waste in retail. It presents salient information on:- identifying food loss hotspots and their underlying causes in the processing and distribution operations of MSMEs;
- measuring the levels of loss at each hotspot;
- introducing simple innovations that are technically, economically, and socially appropriate, as well as good practices to reduce food loss at each hotspot; and
- measuring food waste in retail and identifying actions that can measurably reduce the levels of food waste in retail.
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Brochure, flyer, fact-sheetBrochureAquatic food by-products valorization 2025
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No results found.This course introduces bioeconomy with a focus on sustainable development using biological resources. Emphasizing aquatic food value chains, the course highlights converting fish food by-products into valuable resources, addressing challenges, and strategies to reduce food loss and waste. Additionally, it teaches fish silage production as a cost-effective preservation method.
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Book (series)FlagshipThe State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2021
Transforming food systems for food security, improved nutrition and affordable healthy diets for all
2021In recent years, several major drivers have put the world off track to ending world hunger and malnutrition in all its forms by 2030. The challenges have grown with the COVID-19 pandemic and related containment measures. This report presents the first global assessment of food insecurity and malnutrition for 2020 and offers some indication of what hunger might look like by 2030 in a scenario further complicated by the enduring effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. It also includes new estimates of the cost and affordability of healthy diets, which provide an important link between the food security and nutrition indicators and the analysis of their trends. Altogether, the report highlights the need for a deeper reflection on how to better address the global food security and nutrition situation.To understand how hunger and malnutrition have reached these critical levels, this report draws on the analyses of the past four editions, which have produced a vast, evidence-based body of knowledge of the major drivers behind the recent changes in food security and nutrition. These drivers, which are increasing in frequency and intensity, include conflicts, climate variability and extremes, and economic slowdowns and downturns – all exacerbated by the underlying causes of poverty and very high and persistent levels of inequality. In addition, millions of people around the world suffer from food insecurity and different forms of malnutrition because they cannot afford the cost of healthy diets. From a synthesized understanding of this knowledge, updates and additional analyses are generated to create a holistic view of the combined effects of these drivers, both on each other and on food systems, and how they negatively affect food security and nutrition around the world.In turn, the evidence informs an in-depth look at how to move from silo solutions to integrated food systems solutions. In this regard, the report proposes transformative pathways that specifically address the challenges posed by the major drivers, also highlighting the types of policy and investment portfolios required to transform food systems for food security, improved nutrition, and affordable healthy diets for all. The report observes that, while the pandemic has caused major setbacks, there is much to be learned from the vulnerabilities and inequalities it has laid bare. If taken to heart, these new insights and wisdom can help get the world back on track towards the goal of ending hunger, food insecurity, and malnutrition in all its forms. -
BookletCorporate general interestEmissions due to agriculture
Global, regional and country trends 2000–2018
2021Also available in:
No results found.The FAOSTAT emissions database is composed of several data domains covering the categories of the IPCC Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use (AFOLU) sector of the national GHG inventory. Energy use in agriculture is additionally included as relevant to emissions from agriculture as an economic production sector under the ISIC A statistical classification, though recognizing that, in terms of IPCC, they are instead part of the Energy sector of the national GHG inventory. FAO emissions estimates are available over the period 1961–2018 for agriculture production processes from crop and livestock activities. Land use emissions and removals are generally available only for the period 1990–2019. This analytical brief focuses on overall trends over the period 2000–2018. -
Book (stand-alone)Technical bookCrop Diversification in the Asia-Pacific Region
This publication brings together edited manuscripts of papers presented at the Expert Consultation on “Crop Diversification in the Asia-Pacific Region”, held in Bangkok, Thailand, 4 to 6 July, 2000.
2001Also available in:
No results found.The proceedings of an expert consultation held at the regional office in Bangkok from 4 to 6 July 2000, which examined how crop diversification can boost food production, farm incomes and check arable land degradation in the Asia-Pacific region. The document includes country reports from Bangladesh, China, India, Japan, Malaysia, Nepal, the Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand and Viet Nam.