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Characterization of indigenous chicken production systems in Cambodia

AHBL - Promoting strategies for prevention and control of HPAI

Year of publication 2009

Pages 55

Author Animal Production and Health Division

Product type Book (stand-alone)

Edition 1

Synopsis (short abstract) Reports of the project GCP/INT/010/GER summarize the findings from an integrated approach to prevent and control Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in the smallholder environment of Cambodia, Egypt and Uganda by considering the components of animal health (AH), poultry breeds (B) and livelihoods (L). - A survey was conducted on 402 chicken farmers in Kampong Cham, Kampot, Odar Meanchey, Rattanakiri and Siem Reap provinces in Cambodia to determine the different production systems and to differenti ate the phenotypic characteristics of chickens from different provinces. The majority of farmers interviewed were men aged between 41 and 50 years. The illiteracy rate among these farmers was less than the national average of 26.4 percent. Rice is the main agricultural crop in all five provinces. As well as their chickens, 71 percent of the farmers rear cattle/buffaloes and 43 percent keep pigs. The average flock size is highest in Kampot province (40.2 birds/flock) and lowest in Rattanakiri (23 .3 birds/flock). Across all the survey provinces, 35 percent of the farmers stated that chicken numbers have decreased over the last five years. Only one-third of the farmers purchase birds from outside, mainly from neighbours. Although the production systems vary in many aspects, selection criteria are similar in all provinces. Body weight is the most important criterion, followed by number of eggs laid. About 80 percent of the farmers provide their birds with at least night housing, constructe d mainly from simple materials available on-farm. The birds depend on scavenging, but 95 percent of farmers also provide some extra feed. Only a small number of farmers use the available veterinary facilities, and disease is reported as the main cause of mortality.

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