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ArticlePlanting design, survival and blue carbon stock of mangrove plantations in Banacon Island, Philippines
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Mangrove forests have the capacity to store and sequester vast amount of atmospheric carbon. Coastal reforestation in the tropics became more popular because of this ecosystem service and their value to protect human from the impacts of tsunami and storm surge. To illustrate mangrove’s blue carbon potential in view of planting design, carbon stock assessment of 20-year old Rhizophora stylosa plantations was done. Tree and sediment carbon stocks were determined using standard nested plot technique. These parameters were further examined in terms of the plant spacing used during the plantation establishment, namely: 0.5m x 0.5m; and 1.0m x 1.0m. Key findings showed that plantations that were established with closer spacing i.e. 0.5m x 0.5m spacing have higher stand density values than those with 1.0m x 1.0m interval by about 23,900 trees ha-1. Survival rate was also significantly higher in the former than the latter with a mean difference of 23%. In view of total carbon stocks, 0.5m x 0.5m spaced stands contain 276.8±11.6 tC ha-1, of which sediment has contributed about 110.1 tC ha-1 (40%). On the other hand, stands of 1.0m x 1.0m spacing have only 157.6±40.1 tC ha-1, wherein 21.3 tC ha-1 (48.2%) is attributable to sediments. Overall findings suggested that planting at a closer spacing (0.5m distance) could produce larger sediment carbon stock. A significant mean difference of 88.80 tC ha-1 was computed in favor of 0.5m x 0.5m stand, which is indicative of two possible reasons: a) thicker vegetation provides larger source organic material through litterfall; b) more interlinked roots help stabilize sediment from erosion while effectively trapping more organic material from other sources during tidal movements. ID: 3477110 -
ArticleModeling CO2 restoration potential of mangrove ecosystems in Pakistan to support urban green spaces and human well-being
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Abstract: Pakistan is facing major climate change challenges since in recent years, the annual mean temperature has increased by 0.5°C in the country. Karachi is the largest city and highly vulnerable to fatal heatwave events trolling maximum deaths and illness in recent years. Coast of Mangrove Forest (MF) plays an important role in daily temperature, local environment, and microclimatic conditions. It is a well-established scientific reality that carbon traps heat in the air, and now observing a dramatic rise in temperature. The study aimed to evaluate the vulnerability of the communities to heat-stress, and categorize the role of Mangrove Ecosystem Services to mitigate future disasters. Coupled models and GIS/RS tools were used to estimate the suitability of MF land-cover to categorize the latent status. Heatwaves during summer for three days were calibrated by the models which resulted that an inundation of CO2 stress factors, 250 (S-u=1.0) with a rise in temperature up to 44°C with 70% humidity causes more deaths under heat-periods. Our results linked heatwaves with climate warming and extreme weather events, aggravated by rapid urbanization, industrialization, deforestation, emission of CO2, degradation of MF, and land-use change. Moreover, findings revealed that there is a significant drop-off in urban greenspaces and growth in built-up areas during 1984-2016. In addition, the SILVA-model projected that MF around the city has the ability to absorb CO2 emission up to 55.4 million tons. SILVA-growth projected that 43.61% CO2 stock can be deposited by MF which contributes 19% of the ecosystem. Model showcase that rehabilitation of 30-mangrove trees per/100m2 possibly reduce the extreme tide of heat stress, tsunami, CO2, and improve the air-quality index of the city. This study provides initial assessment and policy directions to rehabilitate MF to promote sustainable cities and societies. Key Words: CO2, urban green spaces, disaster risk reduction, extreme weather events ID: 3471412 -
DocumentThe current situation and perception analysis of forest carbon offset scheme in Korea
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.As the international community pays attention to the absorption of carbon using forests, Korea has been operating the Forest Carbon Offset Scheme since 2013. However, monitoring performance to be performed for certification is sluggish, and it was found that there is a limit to sustainable operation. This study aims to analyze current situation and perception of Forest Carbon Offset Scheme in Korea to suggest problems and direction of improvement.
Through literature surveys and interviews, in-depth interview questions were selected, and people in charge of transaction-type projects were interviewed in-depth. The Survey was conducted on people in charge, and the characteristics of perception were analyzed through descriptive statistical and frequency analysis.
The main expected effect was profit generation, and the overall perception of the expected effect decreased. Hindrances were in the order of "Concern about transaction possibilities", "Complexity of certification procedure", "Lack of competent professionals", "Lack of support costs for project planning", "Administrative delay" and "Lack of project operators’ expertise". Also, there were some issues in need of improvement in three aspects. First, there were issues with “Complexity of certification procedure”, “Lack of competent professionals”, “Lack of support costs for project planning”, and “Administrative delay” in system and operation. Second, there were issues with “Concern about transaction possibilities” in profitability. Third, there were issues with “Lack of project operators’ expertise”, “Gap between business purpose and expectation” in participants’ characteristics and perception.
This study proposed "Providing guidelines and information on the project through periodic identification of the people in charge", "Emphasizing awareness as a project for social contribution", and "Encouragement of revenue generation from non-carbon revenue sources" for improvement of scheme. Keywords: Policies, Climate change, Sustainable forest management ID: 3486756
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