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DocumentThe early growth performances of Pinus densiflora and Larix kaempferi seedlings under open-field experimental warming and precipitation manipulation
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.This study aimed to investigate the effects of climate change on the survival and growth performance of Pinus densiflora and Larix kaempferi seedlings using open-field experimental warming and precipitation manipulation. We measured the survival rate, root-collar diameter, and height, and then calculated the seedling quality index (SQI) of 2-year-old seedlings under 6 treatments [2 temperatures (TC: Control; TW: Warming) × 3 precipitation manipulations (PC: Control; PD: Decreased; PI: Increased)] and performed a two-way ANOVA to test for differences. The air temperature of the warming plots was 3°C higher than that of the control plots, while the precipitation manipulation plots received ±40% of the precipitation received by the control plots. Temperature and precipitation treatments did not significantly affect the survival rate of P. densiflora; however, the SQI of P. densiflora decreased with increasing precipitation. In contrast, the mortality rate of L. kaempferi increased with increasing temperature and decreasing precipitation. Furthermore, in L. kaempferi, TC × PI treatment resulted in the lowest SQI with a significant interaction effect observed between the two factors. In summary, low seedling production and quality should be expected in P. densiflora as precipitation increases and in L. kaempferi as temperature increases or precipitation decreases. These results indicate species-specific sensitivities to climate change of two plant species at the nursery stage. With the occurrence of global warming, the frequencies of drought and heavy rainfall events are increased, and this could affect the survival and seedling quality of tree species. Therefore, it is necessary to improve nursery techniques by establishing new adaptation strategies based on species-specific growth performance responses. 1) Keywords: Climate change ID: 3622385 -
ArticleEnvironmental stresses do not always adversely affect seedling growth
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Excessively high temperatures and droughts after winter dormancy breaking can affect the growth and mortality of seedlings. An open-field experiment was conducted to understand the growth and mortality of Larix kaempferi seedlings to spring warming and drought treatments, and further to explore if seedlings could recover the growth capability when the treatments ceased. One-year-old seedlings were subjected to two temperature levels (ambient temperature and infrared heater warming of 4 °C compared to ambient temperature) and two precipitation levels (ambient precipitation and drought) for four weeks. Warming and drought treatments decreased the height and root collar diameter of seedlings throughout the period. After the cessation of treatments, mortality rates continued to increase in the drought-treated plots until the end of the growing season in November; the combination of warming and drought treatments had the highest mortality rates, followed by the drought treatment, the control, and the warming treatment. However, the combination of warming and drought treatments increased the biomass accumulation, seedling height, and root collar diameter at the end of the growing season. This indicates that the reduced number of seedlings per plot due to the increased mortality may reduce the negative effects of warming and drought on seedling growth through alleviating resource competition among seedlings. This study shows the growth of Larix kaempferi seedlings could decline under warmer and drier conditions, and such effects are likely to be mitigated by the decreased density due to the increased mortality rates. Keywords: climate change; drought; growth; Larix kaempferi; mortality ID: 3622945 -
DocumentEffects of drought stress and nitrogen fertilization on growth and physiological characteristics of Pinus densiflora seedlings under elevated temperature and CO2 concentrations
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Pinus densiflora is the most widely distributed tree species in South Korea. Its ecological and socio-cultural attributes makes it one of the most important tree species in S. Korea. In recent times however, the distribution of P. densiflora has been affected by dieback. This phenomena has largely been attributed to climate change. This study was conducted to investigate the responses of growth and physiology of P. densiflora to drought and nitrogen fertilization according to the RCP 8.5 scenario. A Temperature Gradient Chamber (TGC) and CO2- Temperature Gradient Chamber (CTGC) were used to simulate climate change conditions. The treatments were established with temperature (control versus +3 and +5°C; aCeT) and CO2 (control: aCaT versus x1.6 and x2.2; eCeT), watering (control versus drought), fertilization (control versus fertilized). Net photosynthesis (Pn), stomatal conductance (gs), biomass and soil water content (SWC) were measured to examine physiological responses and growth. Relative SWC in aCeT significantly decreased after the onset of drought. Pn and gs in both aCeT and eCeT with fertilization were high before drought yet decreased rapidly after 13 days under drought. The fastest mortality showed in aCeT but the longest survival was observed in eCeT. Total and partial biomass (leaf, stem and root) in both aCeT and eCeT with fertilization were significantly high, but significantly low in aCeT. The results of the study are helpful in addressing P. densiflora vulnerability to climate change by highlighting physiological responses related to carbon allocation under differing simlulated environmental stressors. Keywords: Climate change ID: 3621653
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