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Understanding international harmonization of pesticide maximum residue limits with Codex standards

A case study on rice










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    Book (stand-alone)
    Technical book
    Understanding international harmonization of pesticide maximum residue limits with Codex standards
    A case study on rice
    2020
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    This publication sets out to explore the issue of harmonization of national pesticides Maximum Residues Limits (MRLs) with Codex pesticide MRLs from different angles, by taking rice as a case study. Part A identifies the level of harmonization in main rice producing and trading countries and explores the possible effects on trade, while Part B investigates the reasons behind differing levels of harmonization. Its broader objective is to offer insights for decision-makers involved in setting of standards and design of food policy at national and international level on the significance of harmonization of pesticide MRLs.
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    Brochure, flyer, fact-sheet
    Brochure
    The FAO regional workshop on "Pesticide Residue Risk Assessment and the Elaboration of Codex Maximum Residue Limits" 2024
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    FAO’s Plant Production and Protection Division (NSP) and the FAO Regional project entitled “Enhancing Capacity in Codex for Effective Participation and Contribution of Selected Countries in Asia (GCP/RAS/278/JPN)”, FAO Office for Asia and the Pacific (FAORAP) jointly organized the regional workshop entitled “Pesticide residue risk assessment and the elaboration of Codex Maximum Residue Limits”. The objectives of the workshop were to provide participants with: • to strengthen the capabilities of participating countries in evaluation of residue data; • to update their knowledge of the assessment of risks associated with dietary exposure of pesticide residues; and • to upgrade the capacity of participating countries in establishment of Maximum Residue Limits (MRLs) in food and feed.A total of 23 officials in charge of pesticide residue risk assessment from eleven Asian countries (Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Malaysia, Pakistan Philippines, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and Viet Nam) participated in the workshop, with technical input provided by Dr Yukiko Yamada, JMPR expert, and Dr Guibiao Ye, FAO JMPR secretariat.The workshop evaluation results revealed that the participants were satisfied and gave excellent ratings for the workshop quality. The knowledge obtained from this workshop was considered very useful for their work. This workshop has enhanced their understanding on how Codex elaborates Maximum Residue Limits (MRLs) for pesticides in food and feed, data required for elaboration of Codex MRLs, as well as, How the FAO Panel of JMPR (responsible for residue data evaluation) evaluates information for estimating of maximum residue levels and calculation of dietary exposure. The group exercises provided an opportunity for the participants to conduct this evaluation. The workshop also raised awareness of the importance of data contribution from Codex members as participants requested the project to organize workshop related to data submission to JMPR for evaluation to establishment of Codex MRLs.
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    Procedures for Recommending Maximum Residue Limits — Residues of Veterinary Drugs in Food (1987-1999), Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA). Rome, 2000 2000
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    This manuscript is to document the procedures developed by JECFA for the evaluation of residues of veterinary drugs in food. It includes in many instances, the historical development leading to the current procedures. In consolidating the pertinent evaluation procedures, it is intended to provide guidance to present and future members of JECFA and to provide transparency on how the food safety assessments performed by JECFA for residues of veterinary drugs in food are conducted. While informativ e for establishing ADIs and recommending MRLs, it is not intended to be a proscriptive document on how Member Governments might develop their national regulations for residues of veterinary drugs in food.

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    Status of the World's Soil Resources: Main Report 2015
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    The SWSR is a reference document on the status of global soil resources that provides regional assessments of soil change. The information is based on peer-reviewed scientific literature, complemented with expert knowledge and project outputs. It provides a description and a ranking of ten major soil threats that endanger ecosystem functions, goods and services globally and in each region separately. Additionally, it describes direct and indirect pressures on soils and ways and means to combat s oil degradation. The report contains a Synthesis report for policy makers that summarizes its findings, conclusions and recommendations.

    The full report has been divided into sections and individual chapters for ease of downloading:

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    Flagship
    The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2021
    Transforming food systems for food security, improved nutrition and affordable healthy diets for all
    2021
    In recent years, several major drivers have put the world off track to ending world hunger and malnutrition in all its forms by 2030. The challenges have grown with the COVID-19 pandemic and related containment measures. This report presents the first global assessment of food insecurity and malnutrition for 2020 and offers some indication of what hunger might look like by 2030 in a scenario further complicated by the enduring effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. It also includes new estimates of the cost and affordability of healthy diets, which provide an important link between the food security and nutrition indicators and the analysis of their trends. Altogether, the report highlights the need for a deeper reflection on how to better address the global food security and nutrition situation.To understand how hunger and malnutrition have reached these critical levels, this report draws on the analyses of the past four editions, which have produced a vast, evidence-based body of knowledge of the major drivers behind the recent changes in food security and nutrition. These drivers, which are increasing in frequency and intensity, include conflicts, climate variability and extremes, and economic slowdowns and downturns – all exacerbated by the underlying causes of poverty and very high and persistent levels of inequality. In addition, millions of people around the world suffer from food insecurity and different forms of malnutrition because they cannot afford the cost of healthy diets. From a synthesized understanding of this knowledge, updates and additional analyses are generated to create a holistic view of the combined effects of these drivers, both on each other and on food systems, and how they negatively affect food security and nutrition around the world.In turn, the evidence informs an in-depth look at how to move from silo solutions to integrated food systems solutions. In this regard, the report proposes transformative pathways that specifically address the challenges posed by the major drivers, also highlighting the types of policy and investment portfolios required to transform food systems for food security, improved nutrition, and affordable healthy diets for all. The report observes that, while the pandemic has caused major setbacks, there is much to be learned from the vulnerabilities and inequalities it has laid bare. If taken to heart, these new insights and wisdom can help get the world back on track towards the goal of ending hunger, food insecurity, and malnutrition in all its forms.
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    The future of food and agriculture - Trends and challenges 2017
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    What will be needed to realize the vision of a world free from hunger and malnutrition? After shedding light on the nature of the challenges that agriculture and food systems are facing now and throughout the 21st century, the study provides insights into what is at stake and what needs to be done. “Business as usual” is not an option. Major transformations in agricultural systems, rural economies, and natural resources management are necessary. The present study was undertaken for the quadrennial review of FAO’s strategic framework and for the preparation of the Organization Medium-Term plan 2018-2021.