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Water accounting and auditing for better water governance

FAO Agricultural Development Economics Policy Brief 31













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    Book (stand-alone)
    Water auditing/water governance analysis
    Governance and policy support: Methodological framework
    2024
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    The paper aims to promote the increased focus on governance dimension of water-related issues, and the value of investing in development of institutions that balance water demand and supply, and that mediate between the claims of competing users for inclusive and sustainable water management. Water governance determines the equity and efficiency in water resource and services allocation and distribution, and balances water use between various socioeconomic activities, and between those and ecosystems. Strengthening water governance for agriculture and food security means enabling effective problem-solving to produce policies and institutions related to water use and management that are regarded as legitimate by all relevant actors. The combination of technical and governance analyses has the potential to help decision-makers identify the most appropriate ways to achieve water efficiency, productivity, and sustainability, while at the same time increasing the capacity of agricultural productivity to end hunger, food insecurity and malnutrition.This paper provides practical guidance to undertake an in-depth water governance analysis at country and subnational levels and to develop technically valid and politically feasible strategies for change.With its emphasis on continual learning and adaptation, water governance analyses will help policy practitioners work in a more informed and politically sensitive way towards more sustainable, efficient, and equitable water use, guaranteeing social and economic sustainability for all users.
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    Book (stand-alone)
    Water Accounting in the Litani River Basin
    WaPOR Water Accounting reports
    2019
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    This report provides the water accounting study for Litani River basin in Lebanon carried out by IHE Delft using the Water Productivity open data portal (WaPOR) of the Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO). The Litani River basin is one of the key river basins in Lebanon and it is experiencing water scarcity with annual renewable water resources being 606.9 mm3/yr. With an estimated population of 375 000 in 2010 and doubled by 2016 due to the Syrian refugee crisis, the total per capita water availability is around 800 m3/cap/yr indicating water shortage. Increasing challenges such as growing population, climate change, groundwater over-exploitation and inter-basin transfers have put the available water resources in the basin under stress. The completeness and quality of the hydro-meteorological records are insufficient to draw an appropriate picture of the water resources conditions. However, the Water Accounting Plus (WA+) system designed by IHE Delft with its partners FAO and IWMI has been applied to gain full insights into the state of the water resources in the basin for the period 2010 to 2016. The WA+ framework is a reporting mechanism for water flows, fluxes and stocks that are summarized by means of WA+ sheets.
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    Book (stand-alone)
    Water accounting in the Awash River Basin
    WaPOR water accounting reports
    2020
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    This report provides the water accounting study for Awash River basin in Ethiopia carried out by IHE-Delft using the Water Productivity (WaPOR) data portal of the Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO). The Awash River Basin is the most utilized river basin in Ethiopia hosting most of the industrial activities in the country, a number of small to large scale irrigation schemes and the main population centres of the country with more than 18.6 million people (2017 estimate). The basin faces high water stress during the peak of the irrigation season and frequent flooding in rainy seasons. The Water Accounting Plus (WA+) system designed by IHE Delft with its partners FAO and IWMI has been applied to gain full insights into the state of the water resources in the basin for the period 2009 to 2018. The WA+ framework is a reporting mechanism for water flows, fluxes and stocks that are summarized by means of WA+ sheets. The role of land use and land cover on producing and consuming water is described explicitly.

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