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ArticleJournal articleLand use and land use changes by the farmers from mulberry (Morus alba) plantations to green forest tree based farming for income growth and sustainability in Malda district of India
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Malda district was famous for two economic activities viz. Mango (Mangifera indica) cultivation and rearing mulberry silkworm (Bombyx mori). Earlier silkworm rearing was a flourishing cottage industry and every households of Kaliachak block reared silkworm for cocoon production. It was the major livelihood of rural farmers but they suffered heavily due to cheap import of silk from China. Thus, the backbone of farmers was crippled, hence they started cultivating various trees in mulberry fields along with agricultural crops for sustaining their livelihood. Present study was undertaken to know how farmers adjusted to new situation, their knowledge about trees, income growth and sustainability. It was observed that mulberry was raised as herb and leaves were fed to the silkworm larvae at home. Traditionally farmers planted Dalbergia sissoo trees on the border of mulberry fields but later on they started planting other trees. A few farmers uprooted their mulberry bushes and converted to Swietenia macrophylla plantation. Some farmers converted their entire land to Mango and Litchi chinensis orchards for long term gains. Besides, some traditional farmers, around 10% still continued with silkworm rearing for their livelihood security but planted few rows of trees like Tectona grandis, D.sissoo, Bombax ceiba, S.macrophylla and Acacia auriculiformis. Few big farmers converted their mulberry fields into ponds for fishery, however, planted Mango and Sissoo on border. The first crops inside the tree plantations were Maize, Papaya and Vegetables which gave farmers quick income. Later, Banana and Citrus were planted. These activities are still continuing, but timber harvesting has also started which will give high returns. These forest tree based land changes not only provided sustainable income growth to farmers, but also made them drought resilient leading to climate change mitigation and adaptation besides conserving plant biodiversity. Key words: Landscape management, Agriculture, Biodiversity conservation ID: 3475637 -
ArticleJournal articleMicropropagation of bamboo in the green pathway to the growth and sustainability: snags and keys
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.The fastest growing plant in the world, bamboo is an ideal investment for ecosystem management. Potentials of the bamboo restoring the degraded lands are already established. This plant can easily colonized in disturbed land because of its adaptability and nutrient conservation ability. This plant can protect steep slopes, soils, water ways, prevents soil erosion, sequester carbon and brings many other ecosystem benefits. The impact of bamboo growth on the soil may be different at their species level and it is expected that there is a large increase in the microbial biomass, particularly, in the rhizosphere zone as they do not provide only a larger root surface area but enhances the soil fertility. Here micropropagation has a great role by producing a huge quantity of propagules with ideal characteristics for specific area. This paper was mentioned about the different constraints related to establish an efficient protocol for bamboo micropropagation and some solutions for them. Key words: Bamboo; Land restoration; micropropagation. ID: 3486685 -
ArticleJournal articleSustainable development of rubber plantations: challenges and opportunities
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Plantations of all major tropical commodities are expanding quickly, creating opportunities for development and raising concerns about their impacts on the environment, landscapes and livelihoods. Natural rubber is a particularly interesting example with respect to sustainability objectives given it being a strategic commodity to support transportation and new forms of mobility. Furthermore, its world production originates at 90% from millions of smallholders. It is therefore key to the sustainable development of commodity producing countries and the commodity value chains. Global rubber demand has risen rapidly during the last decade, driven by economic development, especially in China. This expansion is expected to continue (albeit at a decelerating rate) and it will continue to be driven by the automotive industry and by the growing importance of natural rubber in the health sector. Various authors have raised concerns on rubber cultivation and expansion and its impact on livelihoods and ecosystems. The purpose of this paper, a collaboration between The Forests, Trees and Agroforestry research program of the CGIAR (FTA) and the International Rubber Study Group (IRSG), is to consider rubber production in relation to its sustainability and challenges in order to identify how it can best contribute to sustainable development in a context of climate change. We first identify some main “sustainability hotspots” that are where the challenges and opportunities are the greatest. We then consider how they can be addressed and propose a way forward to address them in a holistic way. Keywords: natural rubber, sustainable development, climate change, bioeconomy. ID: 3477212
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Book (stand-alone)General interest bookSoil pollution: a hidden reality 2018This document presents key messages and the state-of-the-art of soil pollution, its implications on food safety and human health. It aims to set the basis for further discussion during the forthcoming Global Symposium on Soil Pollution (GSOP18), to be held at FAO HQ from May 2nd to 4th 2018. The publication has been reviewed by the Intergovernmental Technical Panel on Soil (ITPS) and contributing authors. It addresses scientific evidences on soil pollution and highlights the need to assess the extent of soil pollution globally in order to achieve food safety and sustainable development. This is linked to FAO’s strategic objectives, especially SO1, SO2, SO4 and SO5 because of the crucial role of soils to ensure effective nutrient cycling to produce nutritious and safe food, reduce atmospheric CO2 and N2O concentrations and thus mitigate climate change, develop sustainable soil management practices that enhance agricultural resilience to extreme climate events by reducing soil degradation processes. This document will be a reference material for those interested in learning more about sources and effects of soil pollution.
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Book (stand-alone)High-profileThe status of women in agrifood systems 2023The status of women in agrifood systems report uses extensive new data and analyses to provide a comprehensive picture of women’s participation, benefits, and challenges they face working in agrifood systems globally. The report shows how increasing women’s empowerment and gender equality in agrifood systems enhances women’s well-being and the well-being of their households, creating opportunities for economic growth, greater incomes, productivity and resilience.The report comes more than a decade after the publication of the State of food and agriculture (SOFA) 2010–11: Women in agriculture – Closing the gender gap for development. SOFA 2010–11 documented the tremendous costs of gender inequality not only for women but also for agriculture and the broader economy and society, making the business case for closing existing gender gaps in accessing agricultural assets, inputs and services. Moving beyond agriculture, The status of women in agrifood systems reflects not only on how gender equality and women’s empowerment are central to the transition towards sustainable and resilient agrifood systems but also on how the transformation of agrifood systems can contribute to gender equality and women’s empowerment. It provides a comprehensive analysis of the available evidence on gender equality and women’s empowerment in agrifood systems that has been produced over the last decade. The report also provides policymakers and development actors with an extensive review of what has worked, highlighting the promise of moving from closing specific gender gaps towards the adoption of gender-transformative approaches that explicitly address the formal and informal structural constraints to equality. It concludes with specific recommendations on the way forward. Last update 03/08/2023
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Brochure, flyer, fact-sheetBrochureSahel | Regional overview (July 2019)
Burkina Faso, Chad, Mali, Mauritania, the Niger and Senegal
2019Also available in:
No results found.Despite the good outcome of the 2018/19 agricultural season, the availability of food products on the market and generally stable food prices at the beginning of the lean season, with a downward trend compared with the five-year average, markets remain severely disrupted in areas affected by civil insecurity and the restrictive measures taken. The food security and nutrition situation is still of concern in these areas, particularly in the Lake Chad region, eastern and western Niger, northern and eastern Burkina Faso, and northern and central Mali. While activities in the Sahel continue to be implemented in response to the deteriorating food security and nutrition situation, resources remain insufficient to meet the growing needs. Providing livelihood assistance is key to improving vulnerable people’s self-reliance.