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Brochure, flyer, fact-sheetEvaluation reportEvaluation of FAO’s contributions to Sustainable Development Goal 2
Support to secure tenure of natural resources through VGGT and other guidelines
2021Also available in:
No results found.This report looks at two sets of guidelines focusing on vulnerable and marginalized people: the Voluntary Guidelines on the Responsible Governance of Tenure of Land, Fisheries and Forests in the Context of National Food Security (VGGTs) and the Voluntary Guidelines for Securing Sustainable Small-Scale Fisheries in the Context of Food Security and Poverty Eradication (SSF Guidelines). The evaluation of FAO’s work on Sustainable Development Goal 2 (SDG 2) found the work of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) on the guidelines to be relevant and a major step forward in addressing discrimination against women and other marginalized groups and in ensuring their equal rights to economic and natural resources. FAO has had more success with the VGGTs, as they preceded the SFF Guidelines and such initiatives take time. A more holistic, less siloed approach could be beneficial. Also, there is still much to do on the social inclusion of youth and people with disabilities if we are to “leave no one behind”. There has been progress on the inclusion of indigenous peoples, but a systematic approach is needed. The multi-stakeholder approach to implementing the VGGTs at national level brings together different sectors, promotes participation and sets the stage for sustainability. There needs to be more engagement with the private sector, particularly industry, to support post-harvest and marketing opportunities and strengthen SSF Guidelines implementation. Care is warranted, however, as a shift in focus to the private sector, public-private partnerships and innovation may negatively affect fishers and indigenous communities. The COVID-19 pandemic may also reverse past gains. -
Brochure, flyer, fact-sheetEvaluation reportEvaluation of FAO’s contributions to Sustainable Development Goal 2
Support to fair and informed commodity markets and international trade in agriculture
2021Also available in:
No results found.The 2030 Agenda acknowledges that transparent, undistorted and properly functioning food and agricultural markets are an essential element in the global effort to end hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition, and promote sustainable agriculture (Sustainable Development Goal 2 [SDG 2]). This review examines how FAO supports transparent and inclusive commodity markets and international food and agricultural trade, contributing to the achievement of SDG 2. It was conducted primarily through a review of key documents and interviews with stakeholders. The study found that FAO contributes to the proper functioning of agricultural markets, in particular, by facilitating timely access to market information (SDG target 2.c), ensuring greater transparency in international commodity markets, and providing regular and timely updates on crop conditions, price movements and global supply and demand. FAO’s contribution is aided by comparative advantages arising from its extensive data architecture, involvement in strategic partnerships, reputation as a neutral forum and broad agricultural commodity and country coverage, among other things. The study reveals a need for greater support in the areas of inclusiveness, equality and capacity building in agricultural trade. -
Brochure, flyer, fact-sheetEvaluation reportEvaluation of FAO’s contributions to Sustainable Development Goal 2
Farmer field schools and their derivatives
2021Also available in:
No results found.Studies and reports on the farmer field school (FFS) approach show that it develops the skills and knowledge of farmers, allowing them to create more efficient and sustainable production systems and, thus, contribute to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). As far as SDG 2 is concerned, while there is an indirect link to targets 2.1 and 2.2, the largest FFS contributions are to be found in relation to targets 2.3 and 2.4, which focus on increasing agricultural productivity and income, and sustainable production systems and agricultural practices, respectively. The main objective of this review was to inform the SDG 2 Evaluation on the relevance and contribution of the FFS approach to the SDG 2 targets and the principles of the 2030 Agenda. It found that in addition to developing the methodology at the heart of the approach and exporting it to countries and regions to support small-scale farmers, FAO achieved significant results and brought about substantial change on various levels. The review concluded that FFS went beyond the mere sharing of information and focused more on knowledge discovery through direct experience and community co-creation. The review recommends that FAO continue its work to support national governments in scaling-up the approach while ensuring the quality of the methods. FAO should also ensure that the benefits to farmers’ empowerment continue and contribute to greater coordination and monitoring of results and progress made.
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BookletCorporate general interestFAOSTYLE: English 2024The objective of having a house style is to ensure clarity and consistency across all FAO publications. Now available in HTML, this updated edition of FAOSTYLE: English covers matters such as punctuation, units, spelling and references. All FAO staff, consultants and contractors involved in writing, reviewing, editing, translating or proofreading FAO texts and information products in English should use FAOSTYLE, together with the practical guidance on processes and layout questions provided in Publishing at FAO – strategy and guidance.
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BookletCorporate general interestEmissions due to agriculture
Global, regional and country trends 2000–2018
2021Also available in:
No results found.The FAOSTAT emissions database is composed of several data domains covering the categories of the IPCC Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use (AFOLU) sector of the national GHG inventory. Energy use in agriculture is additionally included as relevant to emissions from agriculture as an economic production sector under the ISIC A statistical classification, though recognizing that, in terms of IPCC, they are instead part of the Energy sector of the national GHG inventory. FAO emissions estimates are available over the period 1961–2018 for agriculture production processes from crop and livestock activities. Land use emissions and removals are generally available only for the period 1990–2019. This analytical brief focuses on overall trends over the period 2000–2018. -
Book (series)FlagshipThe State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2021
Transforming food systems for food security, improved nutrition and affordable healthy diets for all
2021In recent years, several major drivers have put the world off track to ending world hunger and malnutrition in all its forms by 2030. The challenges have grown with the COVID-19 pandemic and related containment measures. This report presents the first global assessment of food insecurity and malnutrition for 2020 and offers some indication of what hunger might look like by 2030 in a scenario further complicated by the enduring effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. It also includes new estimates of the cost and affordability of healthy diets, which provide an important link between the food security and nutrition indicators and the analysis of their trends. Altogether, the report highlights the need for a deeper reflection on how to better address the global food security and nutrition situation.To understand how hunger and malnutrition have reached these critical levels, this report draws on the analyses of the past four editions, which have produced a vast, evidence-based body of knowledge of the major drivers behind the recent changes in food security and nutrition. These drivers, which are increasing in frequency and intensity, include conflicts, climate variability and extremes, and economic slowdowns and downturns – all exacerbated by the underlying causes of poverty and very high and persistent levels of inequality. In addition, millions of people around the world suffer from food insecurity and different forms of malnutrition because they cannot afford the cost of healthy diets. From a synthesized understanding of this knowledge, updates and additional analyses are generated to create a holistic view of the combined effects of these drivers, both on each other and on food systems, and how they negatively affect food security and nutrition around the world.In turn, the evidence informs an in-depth look at how to move from silo solutions to integrated food systems solutions. In this regard, the report proposes transformative pathways that specifically address the challenges posed by the major drivers, also highlighting the types of policy and investment portfolios required to transform food systems for food security, improved nutrition, and affordable healthy diets for all. The report observes that, while the pandemic has caused major setbacks, there is much to be learned from the vulnerabilities and inequalities it has laid bare. If taken to heart, these new insights and wisdom can help get the world back on track towards the goal of ending hunger, food insecurity, and malnutrition in all its forms.