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DocumentRomania: Bank Lending to Small and Medium Sized Enterprises in Rural areas; an Analysis of Supply and Demand
Report N. 9 - January 2005
2005Also available in:
No results found.The economic situation in Romania has improved over the last years and starting in 2001 the growth rate averaged some 5 percent per year. Also the development of the financial sector has gathered pace and domestic and foreign direct investments, in view of the country’s accession to the EU in 2007, are rapidly picking up. These favourable trends, however, are far from being evenly distributed over the territory: Bucharest and a few other big towns in more favourable regions account for the bulk of the growth, while a large part of the country’s economic potential, representing small cities and rural communities, is not fully utilized. One of the reasons that financial resources allocated to rural areas remain under-utilized is the inadequacy of financial services to match the needs of local business, notwithstanding the number of specially designed financing programs in this respect. This publication is part of report series published under the FAO Investment Centre/European Bank f or Reconstruction and Development Cooperation Programme. The series presents sector reviews and studies undertaken in Central and Eastern Europe that cover development issues and innovative areas to increase investment in agriculture in the region. Romania's entry into the European Union in 2007 is expected to have a significant impact on the country's small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) operating in rural areas. EBRD's Financial Institutions team, together with its Agribusiness team, h as developed a Facility to mix EU grant and EBRD loans in favour of rural SMEs in EU accession countries. EBRD called upon FAO's expertise to review lending opportunities in Romania's rural sector. This report was prepared to put forward recommendations to EBRD and local financial intermediaries, on which clients the EU/EBRD Facility should focus and on the types of financial products required to serve these new clients. The analysis can be used by other local or international financial institut ions interested in rural credit. -
Brochure, flyer, fact-sheetEvaluation of FAO’s contributions to Sustainable Development Goal 2
Protection and fair share of genetic resources for food and agriculture
2021Also available in:
No results found.Genetic resources for food and agriculture are essential to global food production in the face of population and consumption growth and are the building blocks for developing new materials adapted to changing climates, environments and production demands. This study focuses on the links between FAO’s policy work on genetic resources and its related actions at national level. It identifies some of the key opportunities and challenges to expanding and improving its genetic resources work in the context of Sustainable Development Goal 2 (SDG 2) and reviews the degree to which its work contributes to Zero Hunger. The review finds that FAOs work on genetic resources builds on its comparative advantage and mandate in data aggregation and dissemination. FAO is also well positioned as the leading institution on genetic resources for food and agriculture. However, many less developed countries are not very involved with the Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture and the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture. It appears difficult for less developed countries to keep pace with new FAO guidelines, standards and tools. The study recommends that technical and institutional support to enhance national capacity and frameworks should be practical, with a less bureaucratic and technical approach. FAO should continue to produce its State of the World reports, ideally more frequently with data from more countries. Genetic resource support mechanisms should focus more on establishing multi-stakeholder platforms to reduce the risks associated with government transitions and priority changes, especially in developing countries. -
ProjectStrengthening Resource Mobilization Strategies to Eradicate Hunger and Malnutrition, and to Foster Sustainable Rural Development and Climate-Resilient Agriculture - TCP/RLA/3718 2022For more than 25 years, official development assistance ( has been distributed on the basis of a classification of countries by income Developed by the World Bank, this establishes a graduation system which places countries in high, upper middle, lower middle and low income categories While this methodology certainly provides highly useful information and data for macro economic analysis, it provides an average figure and therefore fails to highlight inequalities within the countries The Latin American and Caribbean region faithfully reflects this situation, as it has yet to efficiently address the challenges of halting malnutrition, strengthening rural agriculture and building resilience to climate change Despite the region’s growth in recent years, with most countries in the high and upper middle income brackets, the idea that they can take control of their own development, through domestic financing, fails to take into account the inequalities that can be generated in terms of domestic wealth distribution, climate vulnerability or social and political instability It is also possible to identify pockets of absolute poverty within each country, which still require technical and financial expertise and, hence, continue to require international cooperation A greater contribution is expected from the private sector through financial instruments that attract investment in line with the Sustainable Development Goals ( Currently, countries and stakeholders in the region have insufficient knowledge of private financing mechanisms and public private partnerships for project development, thereby hampering access to new resources The project aimed to develop conceptual frameworks on resource mobilization trends and opportunities for Latin American and Caribbean countries, while striking a structural balance between the different thematic areas in which FAO provides technical assistance and support The aim was to assist countries in identifying sources of financing that would enable them to achieve the SDGs, and to bring the corresponding strategic partners closer to the region and actively seek new private financing mechanisms At the national level, the objective was to increase the resources available to execute technical collaboration projects, through close interaction between governments, cooperation agencies and the private sector The desired outcome was to provide the region with a strategy for mobilizing resources to combat hunger and poverty among rural populations that are also vulnerable to climate change For this purpose, regional coordination is needed to support the project, which will help identify experiences and lessons learned that can be replicated or adapted in other countries at a later stage.
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