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DocumentOther documentRevisiting leaf microstructural and physical properties for high-efficiency depositional niches of particulate matters
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Current problems and potential solutions to reduce suspended particulate matter (PM) are enormous scientific challenges. Indeed, reducing the vehicle or industrial-driven PM particles still need a guide to discerning an economically viable solution for highly urbanized areas. Therefore, a better understanding of PM capture processes and pathways from both leaf surfaces and waxes would allow for the development of long-term air purification potential and efficiency in the improvement of urban greenspace. Functional traits as biofiltration for airborne PM particle control were calculated using the following species of Aesculus turbinata, Chionanthus retusus, Ginkgo biloba, Liriodendron tulipifera, Magnolia denudata, Styphnolobium japonicum, Taxus cuspidata, Buxus koreana, Euonymus japonicus, and Rhododendron schlippenbachii. Variation in PM adsorption amounts per unit area could be related to the difference in air pollutant concentrations, weather conditions, tree canopy, and adaxial/abaxial leaf surfaces. Leaf micromorphological traits among tree and shrub species were related to PM adsorption; however, the leaf accumulation-PM removal efficiency could be generated through a collaboration of leaf hydrophobic nature and complex surface microstructures such as trichomes. Furthermore, PM retention capacities of leaf surfaces as the main depositional niches for PM particles can be a very important indicator as a valid means to enhance long-term sustainability of context-specific vegetation barriers for urban air pollution abatement. In conclusion, these findings will provide a reference for urban planning and design and can help to develop the improvement of future urban greenspace based on local conditions. Acknowledgments: This study was carried out with the support of ‘A Study on Mechanism and Function Improvement of Plants for Reducing Air Pollutants’ (Grant No. FE0000-2018-01-2020) from National Institute of Forest Science (NIFoS), Republic of Korea. Keywords: Sustainable forest management, Human health and well-being, Adaptive and integrated management, Biodiversity conservation, Climate change ID: 3486769 -
DocumentOther documentComparison of characteristics of anthropogenic volatile organic compounds (AVOC), biogenic volatile organic compounds (BOVC), and weather environment in forest, urban forest and urban
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Introduction
This study was conducted to scientifically identify the trends of healing factor in forests, urban forests, and urban areas to help people choose leisure activities.
Method
From 2019 to 2020, 30 kinds of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs), 5 kinds of anthropogenic volatile organic compounds (AVOCs), including toluene, and 3 kinds of weather conditions(temperature, humidity, wind speed) were analyzed at forest welfare facilities such as the National Forest Healing Center (MH: Masil Healing Forest Road, MD: Moon Drami Road), urban forest (SF: Seoul Forest), and urban (GS: Gwanghwamun Square). Weather measurements were made from a.m.8 to p.m.18 using MWM-P5 and analyzed using GC/Mass-TD (thermal desorption system) of BVOCs and AVOCs.
Result
The number of BVOCs generated was the highest at 254.73pptv at the MH, followed by 105.64pptv at the SF, 91.65 pptv at MD and 44.35pptv at the GS. AVOCs were the highest at 3.89ppbv in the GS, followed by 2.40ppbv in SF, 0.44ppbv in MH and 0.43ppbv in MD. The discomfort index(temperature humidity index : THI), calculated by temperature and humidity, was lower in forests than in urban areas. On average, the wind speed was higher in the order of the GS, SF, MD, MH.
Conclusion
Forests had higher BVOCs than urban, and AVOCs on average were lower. Also, Forests maintained a more pleasant weather environment than urban areas. The difference in AVOCs appears to be the result of tree species and location. BVOCs appear to have been measured high in heavy traffic urban areas, and the weather environment is believed to be the result of differences in the level of crown densities caused by plants. Through this study, we found that forests are better in terms of air quality and comfort than in urban areas. This can be used as a standard for choosing leisure activities in anticipation of forest healing effects. Keywords: Human health and well-being ID: 3483887 -
DocumentOther documentThe effects of visit characteristics in urban forest on the individual life satisfaction
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Recently, the importance and effectiveness of the urban forest have been increasing with the quality of life of urban residents. Therefore, the study aims to understand how people use the forest for recreation and determine how the visit characteristics of the urban forest affect Individual Life Satisfaction (ILS). A nationwide survey (n=8,254) was conducted on the visit frequency, proximity to the forest and life satisfaction. To measure ILS, three questions (personal, relative, collective) of COMOSWB (Concise Measure of Subjective Well-being) developed by Seo et al (2011) are used. The analysis shows that people usually visit the forest within 10~30 minutes distance (31.8%) on a weekly basis (24.2%), by walk (41.4%) for exercise (41.0%) and relaxation (32.9%). As a result of the hierarchical analysis between visit characteristics and ILS with controlling demographic variables; the ‘frequency of forest visits (t=4.50**)’ and ‘proximity to the forest (t=2.764**)’ has a positive effect on ILS. In particular, ‘frequency of forest visits(β=0.056)’ has higher level of influence than that of ‘proximity to the forest (β=0.034)’ on ILS. In other words, frequent visits to forests far away from the place of residence can improve individual life satisfaction." The significance of this study is that it statistically determines that the frequency of forest visits and the proximity to the forest are important factors for ILS. Future studies should take into account the various qualitative factors of forest visitation such as vegetation, quantity and types of forest so that it will be possible to contribute to setting up a direction for urban forest development and management. Keywords: Human health and well-being ID: 3484619
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Brochure, flyer, fact-sheetBrochureOverview of land degradation neutrality (LDN) in Europe and Central Asia
LDN in Serbia
2021Also available in:
No results found.The Republic of Serbia is a landlocked country in south-eastern Europe, in the central part of the Balkan Peninsula. With fertile soils, good climatic conditions and a rich farming tradition, agriculture is one of the most important sectors of the country’s economy. However, the productive capacity of Serbian soils is decreasing due to salinization, acidification, erosion and compaction. Serbia is facing more frequent extreme climate and weather episodes, such as draughts and floods that cause significant economic losses and exacerbate land degradation. A significant increase of temperature is observed in the country, and a National Drought Plan was recently developed. -
Book (stand-alone)Technical bookIntegrating Food into Urban Planning 2018
Also available in:
No results found.The integration of food into urban planning is a crucial and emerging topic. Urban planners, alongside the local and regional authorities that have traditionally been less engaged in food-related issues, are now asked to take a central and active part in understanding the way food is produced, processed, packaged, transported, marketed, consumed, disposed of and recycled in our cities. Despite a growing body of literature on food and cities, the issue of planning cities in such a way they will increase food security and nutrition, not only for the affluent segments of society but primarily for the poor, is much less discussed, and much less informed by practices. This volume intends to fill this gap by putting more than 20 city-based experiences in perspective: Toronto, New York City, Providence and Portland in North America; Cape Town and Ghana in Africa; Milan in Europe; Lima and Belo Horizonte in South America; and, in Asia, Bangkok, Solo and Yogyakarta in Indonesia, and Tokyo. By drawing on cities of different sizes, from regions across the global north and south, in both developed and developing areas, the contributors collectively attest to the importance of global knowledge rooted in local food planning practices, programmes and policies. -
Book (stand-alone)FlagshipThe State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2018
Building climate resilience for food security and nutrition
2018New evidence this year corroborates the rise in world hunger observed in this report last year, sending a warning that more action is needed if we aspire to end world hunger and malnutrition in all its forms by 2030. Updated estimates show the number of people who suffer from hunger has been growing over the past three years, returning to prevailing levels from almost a decade ago. Although progress continues to be made in reducing child stunting, over 22 percent of children under five years of age are still affected. Other forms of malnutrition are also growing: adult obesity continues to increase in countries irrespective of their income levels, and many countries are coping with multiple forms of malnutrition at the same time – overweight and obesity, as well as anaemia in women, and child stunting and wasting. Last year’s report showed that the failure to reduce world hunger is closely associated with the increase in conflict and violence in several parts of the world. In some countries, initial evidence showed climate-related events were also undermining food security and nutrition. This year’s report goes further to show that climate variability and extremes – even without conflict – are key drivers behind the recent rise in global hunger and one of the leading causes of severe food crises and their impact on people’s nutrition and health. Climate variability and exposure to more complex, frequent and intense climate extremes are threatening to erode and reverse gains in ending hunger and malnutrition. Furthermore, hunger is significantly worse in countries where agriculture systems are highly sensitive to rainfall, temperature and severe drought, and where the livelihood of a high proportion of the population depends on agriculture. The findings of this report reveal new challenges to ending hunger, food insecurity and all forms of malnutrition. There is an urgent need to accelerate and scale up actions that strengthen resilience and adaptive capacity of people and their livelihoods to climate variability and extremes. These and other findings are detailed in the 2018 edition of The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World.