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West Africa and the Sahel | Response plan, May–December 2020

Mitigating the effects of COVID-19 to protect food security and livelihoods












​FAO. 2021. West Africa and the Sahel | Response plan, May–December 2020: Mitigating the effects of COVID-19 to protect food security and livelihoods. Rome.



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    West Africa and the Sahel: Germany’s contribution through the Special Fund for Emergency and Rehabilitation Activities (SFERA) – Anticipatory Action window 2023
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    In 2022, the West Africa and Sahel region experienced one of the worst years in recent history in terms of humanitarian impacts from floods. The growing frequency, intensity and gravity of climate and weather-related disasters, including floods, are jeopardizing the region’s entire food system and particularly the agriculture sector. Combined with other shocks and risks affecting the region, a new risk of flooding for 2023 may further impact people and their livelihoods. Thanks to the German Federal Foreign Office’s contribution to the Special Fund for Emergency and Rehabilitation Activities – Anticipatory Action window, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations is scaling up early warning messaging and risk awareness, and safeguarding crops and livestock, to mitigate the impact of flooding on vulnerable communities’ livelihoods and food security.
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    West Africa | Desert locust crisis appeal, May–December 2020
    Anticipatory action and rapid response
    2020
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    Recent forecasts by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) have indicated a risk of locust invasion in West Africa from June 2020. From East Africa, some swarms could reach the eastern part of the Sahel and continue westwards from Chad to Mauritania. Surveillance and control teams will be mobilized across the region with a focus on Burkina Faso, Chad, Mali, Mauritania, and the Niger, and extended to Senegal. Countries such as Cameroon, the Gambia and Nigeria are also on watch in the event that desert locust spreads to these highly acute food-insecure countries. Since the region could be threatened in the coming months, FAO is strongly encouraging no regret investments in preparedness and anticipatory action to control swarms and safeguard livelihoods, given already high levels of acute food insecurity. Therefore, cost estimates for preparedness, anticipatory action and rapid response have been assessed. FAO’s Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Western Region and FAO’s subregional resilience team for West Africa and the Sahel are already working together with potentially affected countries for the implementation of anticipatory actions, such as training, pre-positioning of resources, initiating surveillance activities and control operations. The countries of the subregion most exposed to the threat of a locust invasion are Burkina Faso, Chad, Mali, Mauritania, the Niger and Senegal. All of these countries are already facing the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which presents significant further risks to food security. Applying lessons from the 2003–2005 desert locust upsurge in West Africa and from the implementation of resilience programmes in the region, including its Early Warning Early Action approach, FAO is focusing on anticipatory action to avert a full blown food crisis, mainly by: scaling up support to governments to monitor and control the pest; and safeguarding livelihood interventions.
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    Pakistan | Humanitarian response (May–December 2020)
    Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
    2020
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    Pakistan is highly exposed to natural hazards and shocks, including drought. In 2018-2019, severe drought conditions prevailed in 18 districts of Balochistan and eight districts of Sindh, rendering around 5 million people in need of immediate food security and livelihood assistance. Since March 2019, a desert locust outbreak has also affected around 46 districts across four provinces of Pakistan. These issues make a large proportion of the population vulnerable to persistent and chronic food insecurity. The COVID-19 pandemic is further exacerbating poverty, food insecurity and malnutrition, increasing humanitarian needs in disaster prone areas of Pakistan. The average number of daily new cases has been rising sharply since the beginning of June. On 18 June 2020, the Government imposed a “smart lockdown” in several cities to curb the spike in cases. The effects of urgent and essential COVID-19 containment measures are having repercussions on the country’s already fragile employment situation and on livelihoods. In the framework of FAO’s Corporate COVID-19 Response and Recovery Programme and the United Nations Global Humanitarian Response Plan for COVID-19, FAO will implement humanitarian response activities in 2020 to mitigate the effects of the pandemic and address the needs of the most vulnerable households.

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