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ProjectInnovative Evidence-Based Solutions and Investments in Agrifood Systems Transformation and Rural Development in Bhutan in the Context of Hand-in-Hand Initiative - TCP/BHU/3805 2024
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No results found.Bhutan’s agrifood systems face multifaceted challenges given the country’s mountainous terrain and rugged topographic features. Less than 20 percent of arable land in Bhutan is irrigated and almost 30 percent of arable land is currently left fallow. Yields for almost all crops and livestock produce remain below regional averages and production for most crops has remained stable over the last two decades for such reasons as small landholdings, issues with inputs, little innovation or investment in research and development, low adoption of technology and growing environmental stress. Shifts in farm labour demographics (youth migration from rural to urban areas for employment and education) coupled with an ineffective extension service have further impacted on production, distribution and income generation from food products. Farming has also become more vulnerable as a result of climate change. Post-harvest loss remains high and agriprocessing infrastructure inadequate, while markets and standards continue to be weak. The prevalence of food insecurity and malnutrition is relatively high. Diets, particularly in remote areas, remain poor. -
Book (stand-alone)The role of social protection in strengthening agrifood systems and inclusive rural transformation
A case study of the Bangladesh enhanced coastal fisheries project (ECOFISH-BD)
2023Also available in:
No results found.This case study is one of four undertaken by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the DSI-NRF (Department of Science and Innovation and National Research Foundation) Centre of Excellence in Food Security (CoE-FS) at the University of the Western Cape, South Africa. The purpose of these studies is to review the impact of social protection (SP) interventions on food system outcomes. The overall aim is to define a theory of change and a conceptual framework that link SP to food systems. The focus of this paper is an examination of the project titled “Enhanced Coastal Fisheries in Bangladesh” (ECOFISH-BD), within the Hilsa Fishery Management Action Plan (HFMAP). The HFMAP was implemented from 2005 in five coastal regions of Bangladesh and is a payment-for-ecosystem-services (PES) intervention that provides conditional in-kind assistance. In particular, the HFMAP provides rice to fishers in return for their compliance with fishing restrictions. ECOFISH-BD was initiated in 2014 and extends the HFMAP to include aspects of a “graduation” approach by providing adaptive co-management of the resource, training, alternative livelihood opportunities and support to ensure the inclusion of women and youth in the protected areas. -
Book (stand-alone)Regional mapping of anticipatory action capacities in the Near East and North Africa agricultural sector 2025
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No results found.The Near East and North Africa (NENA) region faces a growing number of complex, overlapping and compounding hazards that are undermining livelihoods, deepening food insecurity and slowing economic development. Increasingly frequent and severe climate extremes – such as droughts, flash floods, heatwaves – are converging with transboundary plant and animal diseases, protracted conflicts and economic volatility. These risks disproportionately impact the agricultural sector, which remains a cornerstone of rural livelihoods and food systems in the region. In this context, anticipatory action (AA) offers a promising, proactive approach to reduce disaster impacts by taking early action ahead of predictable shocks. Enabled by advances in climateforecasting, hazard modelling, and early warning systems, AA involves acting before a crisis unfolds. It uses pre-agreed triggers, protocols, and financing mechanisms to mitigate risks to lives and livelihoods. While AA is gaining traction in the NENA region, especially within humanitarian sectors, its integration into the agricultural domain remains limited and fragmented. Agricultural producers are often targeted as vulnerable recipients of humanitarian aid, rather than as essential actors whose protection is key to safeguarding food systems, rural economies, and national stability.This report argues for a strategic expansion of AA to more systematically include the agricultural components, to place it at the intersection of humanitarian response and long-term climateadaptation. It emphasizes early protection of production systems – livestock, crops, fisheries and natural resources – before forecasted shocks occur. By focusing on proactive risk reduction for agriculture, AA for agriculture offers a dual benefit: preserving rural livelihoods and protecting food supply chains, especially in fragile or climate-vulnerable areas.The Thirty-seventh Session of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) Regional Conference for the Near East and North Africa (NERC37) recognized the urgency of this approach, calling for increased investment in AA systems for the agricultural sector. Priority areas include multihazard early warning systems (MHEWS), forecast-based financing mechanisms, agricultural insurance schemes, and links to social protection programmes. Yet significant gaps remain. Drawing on a comprehensive literature review, interviews with key stakeholders, and regional online survey data, this report provides a detailed mapping of existing AA initiatives, agricultural hazards, and delivery capacities in the NENA region. It highlights governance, coordination, early warning, financing and delivery challenges, while identifying promising opportunities for expanding AA to better address agricultural hazards.
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