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Book (stand-alone)Technical bookPreliminary impact appraisal of cocoa value chain rehabilitation in Ghana: 2018–2028 2021
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Preliminary assessments of the cocoa value chain from using FAO's EX-ACT Value Chain tool show that it has a significant potential to improve farmer incomes while mitigating climate change. With a renovation and rehabilitation strategy of implementing cocoa shadow agroforestry in low-yielding old plantation areas, the mitigation impact of the value chain reaches approximately 146 million tCO2e in the next 20 years. This translates to a carbon footprint of – 5.6 tCO2e for every tonne of cocoa produced. Additionally, the gross income per farmer increases by almost 38 percent - up to USD 10.46 per working day by 2028. Most of the value-added coming from the upgraded scenario stems can be attributed to the producer – more than USD 1 billion in an aggregate value added of over USD 1.6 billion by 2028. Moreover, the cocoa value chain will create an additional 277 669 jobs, and increase the climate resiliency of almost 1.85 million hectares of landscape in Ghana. -
BookletCorporate general interestRice value chain analysis in Tamil Nadu, India
EX-ACT value chain case study
2019Also available in:
No results found.This report is a case study of a multi-impact appraisal of a paddy value chain in India. The value chain is analysed from production to the distribution of rice into inner markets, comparing the performance of an upgrading scenario to the current situation. In the present case, farmers practice 1 to 3 rice crops a year (conventional rice). With the project, a more sustainable agro-ecological rice cultivation, namely Rice System Intensification (SRI), will be proposed to them. Adopting this methodology will improve water-use efficiency, soil conditions, household resilience to food security (high income, food availability and reduction in post-harvest losses) and self-organisation. Finally, the implementation of the SRI methodology on the project area will lead to a decrease in GHG emissions (mainly CH4 from rice cultivation) with a mitigation potential of about 4 tCO2-e per hectare per year. -
Book (stand-alone)Technical bookChanging the terms of women's engagement in cocoa and coffee supply chains 2019
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No results found.In this report, FAO, Twin, KIT and other case holders take a close look at gender inequalities in the cocoa and coffee sectors, and their underlying causes. The included case studies are structured around four themes including: women’s participation and leadership in producer organisations, women’s access to land, the household approach and innovations in extension services. The report also explores how to address inequalities systematically and how to bring the solutions to scale.
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Book (series)FlagshipThe State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2021
Transforming food systems for food security, improved nutrition and affordable healthy diets for all
2021In recent years, several major drivers have put the world off track to ending world hunger and malnutrition in all its forms by 2030. The challenges have grown with the COVID-19 pandemic and related containment measures. This report presents the first global assessment of food insecurity and malnutrition for 2020 and offers some indication of what hunger might look like by 2030 in a scenario further complicated by the enduring effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. It also includes new estimates of the cost and affordability of healthy diets, which provide an important link between the food security and nutrition indicators and the analysis of their trends. Altogether, the report highlights the need for a deeper reflection on how to better address the global food security and nutrition situation.To understand how hunger and malnutrition have reached these critical levels, this report draws on the analyses of the past four editions, which have produced a vast, evidence-based body of knowledge of the major drivers behind the recent changes in food security and nutrition. These drivers, which are increasing in frequency and intensity, include conflicts, climate variability and extremes, and economic slowdowns and downturns – all exacerbated by the underlying causes of poverty and very high and persistent levels of inequality. In addition, millions of people around the world suffer from food insecurity and different forms of malnutrition because they cannot afford the cost of healthy diets. From a synthesized understanding of this knowledge, updates and additional analyses are generated to create a holistic view of the combined effects of these drivers, both on each other and on food systems, and how they negatively affect food security and nutrition around the world.In turn, the evidence informs an in-depth look at how to move from silo solutions to integrated food systems solutions. In this regard, the report proposes transformative pathways that specifically address the challenges posed by the major drivers, also highlighting the types of policy and investment portfolios required to transform food systems for food security, improved nutrition, and affordable healthy diets for all. The report observes that, while the pandemic has caused major setbacks, there is much to be learned from the vulnerabilities and inequalities it has laid bare. If taken to heart, these new insights and wisdom can help get the world back on track towards the goal of ending hunger, food insecurity, and malnutrition in all its forms. -
DocumentOther documentBenzoic acid and its salts - Chemical and Technical Assessment (CTA). 92nd JECFA 2022
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No results found.This Chemical and Technical Assessment (CTA) summarizes the information on benzoic acid (INS No. 210) and its salts such as sodium benzoate (INS No. 211), potassium benzoate (INS No. 212) and calcium benzoate (INS No. 213) that are synthetic antimicrobial preservatives. -
Book (series)YearbookWorld Food and Agriculture – Statistical Yearbook 2023 2023
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No results found.This publication offers a synthesis of the major factors at play in the global food and agricultural landscape. Statistics are presented in four thematic chapters, covering the economic importance of agricultural activities, inputs, outputs and factors of production, their implications for food security and nutrition and their impacts on the environment. The Yearbook is meant to constitute a primary tool for policymakers, researchers and analysts, as well as the general public interested in the past, present and future path of food and agriculture.