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ArticleJournal articleEnhancing public-private sector collaboration: A case of the Uganda Timber Growers Association affiliated tree growers and public actors building a sustainable commercial forestry industry
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Uganda’s forests are a treasured natural asset contributing 8.7% to the national economy (NEMA 2011). However, Uganda has been losing its forest cover alarmingly, from 24% in 1990 to 9% in 2015. In Uganda, Forestry is coordinated by the Ministry of Water and Environment through the Forest Sector Support Department. Government through the National Forestry Authority has provided land in degraded Central Forest Reserves (CFRs) to private investors under license. Nearly 70% of planted forests are in CFRs. Additionally; Government initiatives like the Sawlog Production Grant Scheme project is providing financial and technical support based on a set of national Forestry standards. Finally, Government has created a conducive environment for the commercial forest sector to grow at an unprecedented rate of 7000 ha per year. Since 2004, the private sector in Uganda has been exemplary, on building a private sector-led commercial forestry industry. Most of the investors (99.8%) are small to medium scale (1000 ha and below). The private sector is coordinated by the Uganda Timber Growers Association (UTGA), the umbrella body of tree growers that does advocacy, networking, information sharing, collective procurement, marketing and extension. The private sector is growing over 85% (over 80,000 ha) of Uganda’s forest resource. UTGA has promoted the certification of plantations and chain of custody with area up to 42,000 ha, the largest in East Africa and two organizations certified in chain of custody. Plans are underway for the establishment of an apex body for carpenters, timber traders and wood processors. The strong collaboration between Government and private sector actors has yielded remarkable results for Uganda’s forestry. The public private partnerships have provided solutions to challenges of illegality, poor governance, forest degradation and deforestation by providing a platform for individuals, companies and communities to grow trees while protecting gazetted forest land. Keywords: Planted Forests, private sector, CFRs ID: 3487300 -
ArticleJournal articleCase study of national timber legality systems as global efforts to prevent illegal logging
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Global society has been putting efforts together to prevent forests from rampant deforestation and illegal logging worldwide since sustainability is a common goal for the Earth. At the World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD) called Rio+10, global efforts of timber importing countries and private sectors to restrain illegal logging were discussed in 2002. As a market instrument to eradicate illegal logging, timber legality systems in consumer countries have been implemented, starting with the United States since 2008, the European Union (EU) since 2013, Indonesia since 2016, Australia since 2017, Japan since 2018, and the Republic of Korea since 2019. In the implementation stage of the timber legality, the due diligence system plays a role in reducing the risk of illegally logged timber in a supply chain. This study investigated the due diligence system of Australian timber legality as a good practice and analyzed it according to the standard of risk management of International Standard Organization (ISO) consisting of 1) risk identification, 2) risk analysis, 3) risk assessment, 4) risk treatment, and 5) monitoring and review. As a result, the due diligence system of Australia was compatible with the risk management criteria of ISO. The timber legality in Australia was established based on relevant laws and regulations. Its system stepwise was composed of risk assessment and mitigation as well as risk identification and analysis of illegal logging possibility in accordance with origins and species. Eventually, this study clarified the structure of due diligence systems and evaluated the crucial points of these systems based on standards of ISO risk management. Results of this study will contribute to our understanding of timber legality towards sustainable development. Keywords: International Standard Organization (ISO), Timber Legality System, Due Diligence, Risk Management ID: 3623617 -
DocumentOther documentModelling pine and spruce wood mechanical properties in different initial stand density plantations in Lithuania
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Two main parameters of wood quality in constructions are wood modulus of elasticity (MOE) and bending strength (MOR). To understand what kind of quality wood we are growing in our forests and how environment and forest management could affect wood quality parameters, we need to model these parameters by stand, tree, and sample results. This would help to predict MOE and MOR for the future stands.
To determine the influence of stand density and thinning intensity on wood mechanical and physical properties of Scots pine and Norway spruce, the data was obtained from experimental trials plots, which were established in 1990 by Institute of Forestry. The experimental object was divided to a smaller trial plots with different initial stand density: 2 plots with 3000-4400 trees per hectare, 2 plots with 2000-2400 trees per hectare, 2 plots with 1000-1200 trees per hectare. In these trial plots different thinning programs were used 3; 2; 1 time. From each trial plot 6 model trees were chosen (38 Spruce and 76 Pine trees).
Models were created by SAS statistical package. General linear regression models were chosen to create 4 models for prediction of: dynamic modulus of elasticity for log (MOElog); dynamic modulus of elasticity for samples (MOEdyn); global static modulus of elasticity (MOE) and bending strength (MOR) All parameters for creating models were chosen as random effects. Stand parameter was stand density (SD). Tree parameters were diameter at breast high (DBH), competition index (CI), average ring width (RD), average ring density (RD) and log high (LH). Sample parameters were knot at fracture point (K) and sample wood density (WD).
Best result for MOE models was in pine stand R2=0,82 spruce stand R2=0,85. R2=0,57 was in pine stand for MOR and R2=0,65 in spruce stand. Keywords: Sustainable forest management, Research ID: 3484790
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