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BookletEmergency responseFAO alerts countries in the Near East and West Eurasia to enhance preparedness for foot-and-mouth disease 2025FAO is recommending urgent biosecurity measures and enhanced surveillance following the recent detection of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) serotype SAT1 in the Near East. This serotype is exotic to the region, raising serious concerns about the potential spread of the virus within the Near East and to West Eurasia. The most important and immediate risks for FMD virus spread are associated with animal movements: intensified trade and movement of livestock; transhumance of ruminants to summer pastures; and international and national trading of animals, especially with mixing of animals at live animal markets, holding areas, and during transport. FAO urges countries to increase awareness, strengthen biosecurity, and improve preparedness at national, subnational, and community levels to safeguard livestock and livelihoods. Specific recommendations are described within the alert. Until livestock populations are immunized with a suitable SAT1 vaccine, only rapid and effective biosecurity measures can limit the spread of the SAT1 virus.
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ProjectFactsheetStrengthening the Regional Preparedness against Lumpy Skin Disease in Central Asia - TCP/SEC/3801 2024
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No results found.Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is a vector-borne transboundary animal disease of bovines that causes severe economic losses to the cattle sector as a result of mortality, the decrease in milk production, severe damage to hides and trade restrictions. Originally restricted to Africa, around a decade ago LSD began to spread throughout the Middle East and into Türkiye, the Balkans, the Caucasus, the Russian Federation and Kazakhstan. More recently, the disease has emerged in East and South Asia, affecting some of the largest bovine producers in the world, such as China, India or Bangladesh. The risk of an imminent incursion into neighbouring and as yet unaffected countries is very high, particularly for those sharing borders and (both formal and informal) trade routes. This is the case for Central Asia, where countries such as Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan – which share borders with Kazakhstan – and Tajikistan have begun to plan vaccinations to prevent LSD incursions. In Central Asia, cattle are the most important livestock species and are key to rural areas. The spread of LSD would have a dramatic effect upon rural livelihoods, which remain highly dependent on cattle. The combined cattle population across the four countries is more than 15 million heads. Milk production, either for subsistence or income, is of particular concern. -
Book (series)Technical studyIntroduction and spread of lumpy skin disease in South, East and Southeast Asia
Qualitative risk assessment and management
2020Also available in:
No results found.Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is a vector-borne disease of cattle and Asian water buffalo that is included on the OIE (World Organisation for Animal Health) list of notifiable diseases. In July 2019 LSD was introduced to Bangladesh, China and India and then spread to Nepal and Bhutan and in 2020 to various provinces of China and India. A qualitative risk assessment was conducted to assess the likelihood of introduction and/or spread of LSD in 23 countries in South, East and Southeast Asia based on information available up to 31 October 2020. The economic impact of LSD for South, East and Southeast countries was estimated to be up to USD 1.45 billion in direct losses of livestock and production. These losses may be higher, due to the severe trade implications for infected countries. This document provides an overview of LSD control approaches, including prevention. The cost-effectiveness estimation demonstrates a strong economic justification for vaccination and advocates for a regional approach to harmonize control measures.
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Book (series)FlagshipThe State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2021
Transforming food systems for food security, improved nutrition and affordable healthy diets for all
2021In recent years, several major drivers have put the world off track to ending world hunger and malnutrition in all its forms by 2030. The challenges have grown with the COVID-19 pandemic and related containment measures. This report presents the first global assessment of food insecurity and malnutrition for 2020 and offers some indication of what hunger might look like by 2030 in a scenario further complicated by the enduring effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. It also includes new estimates of the cost and affordability of healthy diets, which provide an important link between the food security and nutrition indicators and the analysis of their trends. Altogether, the report highlights the need for a deeper reflection on how to better address the global food security and nutrition situation.To understand how hunger and malnutrition have reached these critical levels, this report draws on the analyses of the past four editions, which have produced a vast, evidence-based body of knowledge of the major drivers behind the recent changes in food security and nutrition. These drivers, which are increasing in frequency and intensity, include conflicts, climate variability and extremes, and economic slowdowns and downturns – all exacerbated by the underlying causes of poverty and very high and persistent levels of inequality. In addition, millions of people around the world suffer from food insecurity and different forms of malnutrition because they cannot afford the cost of healthy diets. From a synthesized understanding of this knowledge, updates and additional analyses are generated to create a holistic view of the combined effects of these drivers, both on each other and on food systems, and how they negatively affect food security and nutrition around the world.In turn, the evidence informs an in-depth look at how to move from silo solutions to integrated food systems solutions. In this regard, the report proposes transformative pathways that specifically address the challenges posed by the major drivers, also highlighting the types of policy and investment portfolios required to transform food systems for food security, improved nutrition, and affordable healthy diets for all. The report observes that, while the pandemic has caused major setbacks, there is much to be learned from the vulnerabilities and inequalities it has laid bare. If taken to heart, these new insights and wisdom can help get the world back on track towards the goal of ending hunger, food insecurity, and malnutrition in all its forms. -
Book (stand-alone)Technical bookThe future of food and agriculture - Trends and challenges 2017
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No results found.What will be needed to realize the vision of a world free from hunger and malnutrition? After shedding light on the nature of the challenges that agriculture and food systems are facing now and throughout the 21st century, the study provides insights into what is at stake and what needs to be done. “Business as usual” is not an option. Major transformations in agricultural systems, rural economies, and natural resources management are necessary. The present study was undertaken for the quadrennial review of FAO’s strategic framework and for the preparation of the Organization Medium-Term plan 2018-2021. -