Using Soil Maps to Promote Efficient Use of Fertilizers

Using Soil Maps to Promote Efficient Use of Fertilizers

Learning from the Ethiopian Experience

Year of publication 2022

Place of publication Rome, Italy ;

Publisher FAO ;

Product type Document

Edition 1

Full item page

Language English

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The Project aims to provide a baseline atlas of current soil fertility practices, disaggregated by farm size and cropping systems, to help understand required soil fertility management changes for sustainable intensification.
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Acid upland soils account for about half the land area of the tropics and for a very high proportion of the undeveloped land potentially available for arable cropping. Most of these soils are at present under virgin rain forest, with smaller areas under anthropic savanna, tree crops and shifting cultivation. The main reason for lack of development of these soils is that a high standard of management and costly inputs are needed to bring them into permanent arable cropping.
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The efficient use of fertilizer phosphorus (P) is important for three main reasons. First, phosphate rock, from which P fertilizers are manufactured, is a finite, nonrenewable resource, and it must be used efficiently in order to maximize its life span. Second, there is a need to maintain and improve the P status of many soils for the growth of crops for food, fibre and bioenergy. This is particularly important in least-developed countries (LDCs) that need to increase food production a nd improve rural livelihoods. Third, the transfer of soil P (derived from fertilizers and organic manures) is a major cause of P-induced eutrophication in surface waters. This causes undesirable changes in their ecology, resulting in a decline in the provision of eco-services, often with serious economic consequences. This report reviews, analyses and synthesizes information on the efficient use of soil and fertilizer P. It presents information on the plant availability of soil and fertilizer P, with an emphasis on soil–plant interactions. The focus is on the changing concepts of the behaviour of both soil and fertilizer P and on the need to define and assess their recovery and, thus, P-use efficiency, more appropriately. The report also outlines strategies for improving P-use efficiency.