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Book (stand-alone)Tracking progress on food and agriculture-related Sustainable Development Goal indicators in Europe and Central Asia 2025
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No results found.The Europe and Central Asia (ECA) region is at a key stage of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, experiencing progress in various domains – albeit with some areas witnessing limited forward movement or minor reversals. Despite varying degrees of development across countries, the region shares common challenges in enhancing food security, ensuring health and nutrition and combating environmental degradation. Analysis of the 21 Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) indicators on food and agriculture for which FAO has full custodianship finds that the ECA region is close to the global trend or slightly better, especially in the field of reducing hunger. However, an important portion of the population in the region still struggles to access safe and nutritious foods, and great effort is needed to lower food prices, enhance nutrition education to encourage better food choices, and make agriculture more productive and sustainable through increased government spending. Efforts also are needed to decrease the gender gap in agricultural productivity to improve women’s access to legal land rights.Data play a critical role in driving progress towards the SDGs, as gaps in data availability and quality hinder effective monitoring and policymaking. This report advocates for strengthened data systems to support evidence-based decision-making and targeted interventions. Out of the 23 indicators and 53 countries analysed, assessment could be performed on just 70 percent of data, with information missing regarding productivity, the incomes of small-scale food producers, women's land ownership, food losses, and sustainable fishing. The limited availability of data disaggregated by gender or vulnerable groups also remains an issue in the region as a whole. -
Book (series)Europe and Central Asia Regional Overview of Food Security and Nutrition 2024
Managing water sustainably for improved food security and nutrition
2025Also available in:
This report provides the latest updates on hunger, food insecurity and malnutrition in Europe and Central Asia, including the cost and affordability of healthy diets. It also explores the central theme of water security, highlighting its critical connections to agriculture, food security and nutrition.While the region has made progress in reducing hunger and food insecurity (SDG Target 2.1), challenges remain in eliminating all forms of malnutrition (SDG Target 2.2). Food insecurity and malnutrition persist in some countries, influenced by income levels, socioeconomic factors and climate risks. In 2023, global undernourishment remained at 9.1 percent, whereas the region has stayed below 2.5 percent since 2005, except in Central Asia (3 percent in 2023 and marginally higher in 2022). Food insecurity affected 11.5 percent of the population in 2023, well below the global average (28.9 percent).Many countries have reduced child stunting, wasting and low birthweight, but childhood overweight, anaemia in women aged 15–49, and adult obesity remain concerns. In 2022, 64.3 million people in the region couldn’t afford a healthy diet, though numbers have declined after the pandemic. At 16.3 percent, Central Asia had the highest unaffordability rate.Water security challenges – including scarcity, ageing infrastructure, pollution and weak governance – affect Central Asia, the Caucasus and the Western Balkans. Poor water, sanitation and hygiene infrastructure in some areas impacts nutrition and health. The report recommends improving water conservation and recycling and exploring the use of alternative sources such as desalination and groundwater. Strengthening transboundary cooperation and promoting sustainable water management are crucial. Reducing agriculture’s water footprint through efficient crop choices can enhance climate resilience and long-term water sustainability. -
Book (series)Europe and Central Asia – Regional Overview of Food Security and Nutrition 2021
Statistics and trends
2021Also available in:
The state of food security and nutrition in the world, including that of the Europe and Central Asia region, was marked in 2020 by the outbreak of COVID-19 and resulting disruptions to markets, trade and food supply chains. The pandemic has had a negative effect on food security in the region. It is in this light that the report seeks to assess how food security and nutrition indicators in the region, subregion and countries have changed under the shadow of the pandemic and to monitor the region’s progress towards achieving the SDGs.The first major conclusion is that the subregions (such as the Caucasus and Central Asia) and countries that were already vulnerable before the pandemic became even more so in 2020. The resilience of the Europe and Central Asia region relies mostly on the provision of solid effort in the vulnerable subregions. The second major conclusion is that, although the region was doing better than the world in 2020 in some indicators, there is still an enormous amount of work ahead to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals.
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