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Book (series)Technical reportReport of the workshop on fisheries other effective area-based conservation measures in Latin America and the Caribbean, 27–29 March 2023 2024
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In view of the importance of other effective area-based conservation measures (OECMs) for biodiversity, and the need to improve individual countries’ capacity to report fisheries-related OECMs and understand how the fisheries sector contributes to current and future area-based biodiversity conservation objectives, FAO has been carrying out a series of activities to support countries to identify and implement OECMs. These activities include the organization of workshops and the development of practical guidance, as requested by FAO’s Committee on Fisheries (COFI). With the support of the Organización del Sector Pesquero y Acuícola del Istmo Centroamericano (Organization of the Fisheries and Aquaculture Sector of the Central American Isthmus [OSPECA]), FAO organized the workshop on other effective area-based conservation measures in fisheries-related areas in Latin America and the Caribbean. The workshop was held on 27–28 March 2023 in the city of San José, Costa Rica. This workshop supported Member Countries of the Commission for Small-scale and Artisanal Fisheries and Aquaculture of Latin America and the Caribbean (COPPESAALC), as well as regional and national fisheries-related organizations in the Latin American and Caribbean regions to:(i) apply CBD criteria for the identification of OECMs;(ii) understand the challenges, opportunities and needs that arise in the identification of fisheries‑related OECMs; and(iii) synthesize lessons learned and obtain recommendations.To achieve these objectives, topics discussed included: concepts and criteria for the identification, evaluation and reporting of OECMs; examples of OECMs in the world; conservation strategies in Latin America and the potential contribution of OECMs to these; the framework for fisheries governance and area-based management in Latin America; Argentina’s progress in recognizing OECMs; and the presentation of four case studies carried out in Chile, Costa Rica, Guatemala, and Mexico. The workshop enabled extensive exchanges on the difficulties of interpreting the concepts and criteria for the identification, evaluation, and reporting of OECMs, as well as the key points, challenges, and difficulties in analysing and considering potential OECMs. -
Book (series)Technical reportReport of the workshop on fisheries-related other effective area-based conservation measures in the Southwest Indian Ocean, Mombasa, 16–18 April 2024 2025
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No results found.This report summarizes the presentations, discussions, conclusions, and recommendations from the workshop on fisheries-related other effective area-based conservation measures (OECMs) in the Southwest Indian Ocean, held in Mombasa, from 16 to18 April 2024. This workshop aimed to strengthen the capacities of FAO Members to understand the concepts and criteria for the recognition of OECMs and the processes for their registration, and issue recommendations for the way forward. -
Book (series)Technical reportReport of the Workshop on fisheries-related other effective area-based conservation measures in the Bay of Bengal and Southeast Asia
Bangkok, 6–8 December 2023
2025Also available in:
No results found.Given the importance of other effective area-based conservation measures (OECMs) for biodiversity and the need to improve individual countries’ capacity to report fisheries-related OECMs and understand how the fisheries sector contributes to current and future area-based biodiversity conservation objectives, FAO has been carrying out a series of activities to support countries to identify and implement OECMs. These activities include organizing workshops and developing practical guidance, as requested by FAO’s Committee on Fisheries (COFI). With the support of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), FAO organized the workshop on fisheries-related other effective area-based conservation measures in the Bay of Bengal and Southeast Asia. The workshop was held in Bangkok, Thailand, from 6 to 8 December 2023. This workshop was attended by representatives from governments, academia, non-governmental organizations, and intergovernmental organizations from the Bay of Bengal and Southeast Asia region and aimed to build their capacity to apply the CBD criteria for the identification of OECMs and understand the challenges, opportunities, and needs that arise in the identification of fisheries-related OECMs. To achieve these objectives, topics discussed included concepts and criteria for the identification, evaluation, and reporting of OECMs; examples of fisheries area-based management tools that contribute to biodiversity conservation; conservation strategies and the advances in the recognition of other effective area-based conservation measures in the region; and the presentation of case studies carried out in Indonesia, Malaysia, Maldives, and Sri Lanka. The workshop enabled extensive exchanges on the difficulties of interpreting the concepts and criteria for the identification, evaluation, and reporting of OECMs, as well as the key points and challenges in analysing and considering potential OECMs.
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Book (series)FlagshipThe State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2021
Transforming food systems for food security, improved nutrition and affordable healthy diets for all
2021In recent years, several major drivers have put the world off track to ending world hunger and malnutrition in all its forms by 2030. The challenges have grown with the COVID-19 pandemic and related containment measures. This report presents the first global assessment of food insecurity and malnutrition for 2020 and offers some indication of what hunger might look like by 2030 in a scenario further complicated by the enduring effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. It also includes new estimates of the cost and affordability of healthy diets, which provide an important link between the food security and nutrition indicators and the analysis of their trends. Altogether, the report highlights the need for a deeper reflection on how to better address the global food security and nutrition situation.To understand how hunger and malnutrition have reached these critical levels, this report draws on the analyses of the past four editions, which have produced a vast, evidence-based body of knowledge of the major drivers behind the recent changes in food security and nutrition. These drivers, which are increasing in frequency and intensity, include conflicts, climate variability and extremes, and economic slowdowns and downturns – all exacerbated by the underlying causes of poverty and very high and persistent levels of inequality. In addition, millions of people around the world suffer from food insecurity and different forms of malnutrition because they cannot afford the cost of healthy diets. From a synthesized understanding of this knowledge, updates and additional analyses are generated to create a holistic view of the combined effects of these drivers, both on each other and on food systems, and how they negatively affect food security and nutrition around the world.In turn, the evidence informs an in-depth look at how to move from silo solutions to integrated food systems solutions. In this regard, the report proposes transformative pathways that specifically address the challenges posed by the major drivers, also highlighting the types of policy and investment portfolios required to transform food systems for food security, improved nutrition, and affordable healthy diets for all. The report observes that, while the pandemic has caused major setbacks, there is much to be learned from the vulnerabilities and inequalities it has laid bare. If taken to heart, these new insights and wisdom can help get the world back on track towards the goal of ending hunger, food insecurity, and malnutrition in all its forms. -
BookletCorporate general interestEmissions due to agriculture
Global, regional and country trends 2000–2018
2021Also available in:
No results found.The FAOSTAT emissions database is composed of several data domains covering the categories of the IPCC Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use (AFOLU) sector of the national GHG inventory. Energy use in agriculture is additionally included as relevant to emissions from agriculture as an economic production sector under the ISIC A statistical classification, though recognizing that, in terms of IPCC, they are instead part of the Energy sector of the national GHG inventory. FAO emissions estimates are available over the period 1961–2018 for agriculture production processes from crop and livestock activities. Land use emissions and removals are generally available only for the period 1990–2019. This analytical brief focuses on overall trends over the period 2000–2018.