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Environmental and Social Standard (ESS) 1: Biodiversity conservation, ecosystem services and sustainable management of natural resources

Framework for Environmental and Social Management guidance note









FAO. 2025. Environmental and Social Standard (ESS) 1: Biodiversity conservation, ecosystem services and sustainable management of natural resources  Framework for Environmental and Social Management guidance note. Rome.



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    This project supports the Government of the Philippines in efforts to conserve the country’s globally important agrobiodiversity and traditional agroecosystems. The project comprised three interlinked components: mainstreaming agrobiodiversity into policy and legal frameworks; piloting activities to expand dynamic conservation practices in three pilot communities; and disseminating learning and preparing for scaling up. The project aligned strongly with Philippines Government, FAO and GEF priorities, and impressive progress was made on policy objectives. There was less progress in enhancing dynamic conservation practices for agrobiodiversity in the pilot communities. Recommendations focused on developing a successful exit strategy, capturing experience effectively, and carrying out a systems review for future FAO-supported agrobiodiversity projects.
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    The project “Implementing the socio-ecosystem approach to conserve and sustainable use biodiversity in the Caribbean Region of Colombia” was financed by the GEF, implemented, and executed by FAO. The results of the evaluation highlight the relevance of the project to reduce the degradation and fragmentation of the strategic ecosystems of the Caribbean Colombian area, increase and improve the provision of goods and services from agricultural and forestry production. It was also found a high effectiveness of the project in obtaining the expected results, exceeding in some cases, the established goals. Likewise, the processes and mechanisms implemented by the project for the involvement of relevant stakeholders generated a very high ownership of the project. Due to the successes achieved, the evaluation identified good practices and lessons learned that may be useful for the design of similar projects. Among the main areas for improvement that were identified, is to improve the design of goals related to the impact on policy instruments and the determination of co-financing by the project partners; the institutionalization of the Regional Strategy of Socioecosystemic Connectivities to ensure its replicability and the revision of the tool for monitoring the effectiveness in the management of the GEF.
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    The Common Oceans ABNJ Deep Seas Project: Sustainable fisheries management and biodiversity conservation of deep-sea living resources and ecosystems in the ABNJ
    Sustainable fisheries management and biodiversity conservation of deep-sea living resources and ecosystems in the ABNJ
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    Adressing the need to enhance sustainability in the use of deep-sea living resources and biodiversity conservation in in the ABNJ, is the Common Oceans ABNJ Deep Seas Project, one of the Projects of the Global sustainable fisheries management and biodiversity conservation in the ABNJ Program (Common Oceans ABNJ Program), supported by the Global Environment Facility (GEF). The Project, led by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (UN-FAO) and United Nations Environment (UNEP), brings together a broad range of partners working on conservation issues in the ABNJ globally. The partnership includes the regional fisheries bodies responsible for the management of deep-sea fisheries, Regional Seas Programmes, fishing industry partners and international organizations.

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