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Book (stand-alone)Managing the Livestock Revolution: Policy and Technology to Address the Negative Impacts of a Fast Growing Sector 2005
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No results found.Fueled by fast-expanding demand, the production of meat and milk in the developing world has doubled in recent decades - a trend expected to continue. This paper studies how this expanding sector can provide income, employment, and high quality nutrition for vulnerable groups, as well as essential soil fertility inputs. However, as production grows, market forces, often supported by deliberate or unintended government policies, are causing, in particular in the pig and poultry sector, a spatial concentration of larger-size production units, mostly around urban areas, and an economic concentration of production, processing and retailing. This geographical and economic concentration of the livestock sector probably improves the affordability of meat and milk for the urban poor, and might create better-paid employment up- and downstream of the producer. Unfortunately, there are significant negative effects on the environment, animal and human health, and social equity. The threats are so significant that coordination among all stakeholders involved at the global and national levels is needed. -
DocumentPrevalence of Obesity: A Public Health Problem Poorly Understood 2013
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No results found.This review article discusses the Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA) in support of a total diet approach to achieving diet and health goals, especially as they relate to the obesity epidemic. However, some scientists and organizations have identified one food, food group, or nutrient as the cause of the obesity epidemic and recommend that simply reducing that food/food group/nutrient will solve the problem. This is simplistic and unlikely to be effective in long term management of the obesit y problem. This article also acknowledges discrepancies in the literature and the lack of consensus opinions from systematic reviews. Failure to consider the evidence as a whole can lead to inaccurate reports which may, in turn, adversely influence clinical practice, public policy, and future research. This article also considers where the line should be drawn between individual choice and responsibility and public regulation. Using sugar sweetened beverages as an example, the article considers the lack of a consistent association between added sugars and weight in the literature and calls for policy recommendations that are based on science and emphasizes the need for evidence-based policies rather than policy-based evidence. -
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