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Mozambique: El Niño impact assessment highlights

September 2024









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    Book (series)
    Climate-change vulnerability in rural Zambia: the impact of an El Niño-induced shock on income and productivity 2019
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    This paper examines the impacts of the El Niño during the 2015/2016 season on maize productivity and income in rural Zambia. The analysis aims at identifying whether and how sustainable land management (SLM) practices and livelihood diversification strategies have contributed to moderate the impacts of such a weather shock. The analysis was conducted using a specifically designed survey called the El Niño Impact Assessment Survey (ENIAS), which is combined with the 2015 wave of the Rural Agricultural Livelihoods Surveys (RALS), as well as high resolution rainfall data from the Africa Rainfall Climatology version 2 (ARC2). This unique, integrated data set provides an opportunity to understand the impacts of shocks like El Niño that are expected to get more frequent and severe in Zambia, as well as understand the agricultural practices and livelihood strategies that can buffer household production and welfare from the impacts of such shocks to drive policy recommendations. Results show that households affected by the drought experienced a decrease in maize yield by around 20 percent, as well as a reduction in income up to 37 percent, all else equal. Practices that moderated the impact of the drought included livestock diversification, income diversification, and the adoption of agro-forestry. Interestingly, the use of minimum soil disturbance was not effective in moderating the yield and income effects of the drought. Policies to support livestock sector development, agroforestry adoption, and off -farm diversification should be prioritized as effective drought resiliency strategies in Zambia.
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    Brochure, flyer, fact-sheet
    Mozambique: Urgent call for assistance
    Mitigating and responding to the impact of El Niño on agriculture and food security
    2024
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    The 2023–2024 El Niño was one of the five strongest on record, according to the World Meteorological Organization. In the southern and central regions of Mozambique, El Niño brought well below-average October 2023–February 2024 rainfall, while northern Mozambique experienced average to above-average rainfall. By disrupting rainfall and temperature patterns, El Niño has severely impacted agriculture and rural livelihoods in the Southern Africa region, as well as in Mozambique, where households in Manica, Sofala, Tete, Zambezia, Gaza and Inhambane provinces have been most affected. To support 1 050 000 people between July 2024 and June 2025in the six provinces, FAO requires USD 41.2 million.
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    Brochure, flyer, fact-sheet
    Zimbabwe: El Niño impact assessment highlights
    May 2024
    2024
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    This document presents the highlights of an impact assessment conducted by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, in collaboration with the Zimbabwe Ministry of Lands, Agriculture, Fisheries, Water and Rural Development, and the Food and Nutrition Council, to understand the impact of El Niño on agricultural production and livelihoods in sixteen districts across Zimbabwe. The comprehensive assessment approach included an innovative combination of four components: maize yield forecasts using a NASA Harvest model (2024); a household survey reaching 5 517 households across the 16 districts in May 2024; an agriculture sector damage and loss assessment; and a seed assessment.

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