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Book (series)Technical study
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PresentationPresentationGlobal sample-based assessment of agricultural deforestation drivers 2023
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Book (stand-alone)Technical studyAssessment of drivers of deforestation and forest degradation in West Africa
Methodology and main findings
2025Also available in:
This report presents the methodology and main findings of an assessment conducted between 2015 and 2020 to identify the primary drivers of deforestation and forest degradation in West Africa. Developed under the project “Global Transformation of Forests for People and Climate,” this assessment supports regional forest governance by providing robust, participatory, and data-driven insights.Combining a systematic literature review with spatial analysis using high-resolution satellite imagery and open-source tools such as SEPAL and Collect Earth, the methodology enabled the identification of changes in land use and forest cover across 64 000 sample plots. National experts from West African countries contributed to the prioritization and interpretation of drivers, ensuring local relevance and ownership.The results reveal that small-scale agriculture, logging, and fire are the predominant drivers of forest change, often occurring in combination within the same plot. These findings highlight the complexity of deforestation and degradation processes and underscore the need for integrated responses. The study also maps the spatial distribution of drivers across countries and provides recommendations for national adaptation of the methodology, policy integration, and community engagement.This assessment offers a replicable framework for understanding forest loss in West Africa and sets the stage for more targeted, science-based forest monitoring and management at both national and regional levels.
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Book (series)FlagshipThe State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2022
Towards Blue Transformation
2022The 2022 edition of The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture coincides with the launch of the Decade of Action to deliver the Global Goals, the United Nations Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development and the United Nations Decade on Ecosystem Restoration. It presents how these and other equally important United Nations events, such as the International Year of Artisanal Fisheries and Aquaculture (IYAFA 2022), are being integrated and supported through Blue Transformation, a priority area of FAO’s new Strategic Framework 2022–2031 designed to accelerate achievement of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development in food and agriculture. The concept of Blue Transformation emerged from the Thirty-fourth Session of the FAO Committee on Fisheries in February 2021, and in particular the Declaration for Sustainable Fisheries and Aquaculture, which was negotiated and endorsed by all FAO Members. The Declaration calls for support for “an evolving and positive vision for fisheries and aquaculture in the twenty first century, where the sector is fully recognized for its contribution to fighting poverty, hunger and malnutrition.” In this context, Part 1 of this edition of The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture reviews the world status of fisheries and aquaculture, while Parts 2 and 3 are devoted to Blue Transformation and its pillars on intensifying and expanding aquaculture, improving fisheries management and innovating fisheries and aquaculture value chains. Blue Transformation emphasizes the need for forward-looking and bold actions to be launched or accelerated in coming years to achieve the objectives of the Declaration and in support of the 2030 Agenda. Part 4 covers current and high-impact emerging issues – COVID-19, climate change and gender equality – that require thorough consideration for transformative steps and preparedness to secure sustainable, efficient and equitable fisheries and aquaculture. -
BookletCorporate general interestGreenhouse gas emissions from agrifood systems
Global, regional and country trends, 2000–2020
2022Also available in:
No results found.Agrifood systems account for one-third of total anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions. They are generated in various ways: within the farm gate, through crop and livestock production; through land-use change; and in pre- and post-production processes, including food manufacturing, retail, household consumption and food disposal. According to the latest data, global agrifood systems emissions reached 16 billion tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent (Gt CO2eq) in 2020, an increase of 9 percent since 2000. -
Book (series)FlagshipThe State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2025
Addressing high food price inflation for food security and nutrition
2025While some progress and recovery have been made in recent years, the world is still above pre-COVID-19 pandemic levels and far from eradicating hunger and food insecurity by 2030 (SDG Target 2.1). Similarly, despite some progress in the global nutrition targets, the world is not on track to achieve SDG Target 2.2. Among other factors, persistent food price inflation has slowed this momentum.The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2025 highlights how elevated inflation in many countries has undermined purchasing power and, especially among low-income populations, access to healthy diets. The report documents how high food price inflation is associated with increases in food insecurity and child malnutrition. Vulnerable groups, including low-income households, women, and rural communities, can be particularly affected by food price inflation, risking setbacks in the fight against hunger and malnutrition.In response to these challenges and to prevent future price shocks, the report examines policy measures adopted by countries, and outlines what is necessary going forwards. It stresses the importance of coherent implementation of fiscal and monetary policies to stabilize markets, promote open and resilient trade, and protect vulnerable populations. Additionally, it calls for better data systems and sustained investment in resilient agrifood systems to build long-term food security and nutrition. These coordinated actions are vital to reignite progress towards ending hunger and malnutrition by 2030.