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Book (series)Tariffs in world seafood trade 2006
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No results found.Given that more than half of world seafood exports originate in developing countries, an objective in the current round of negotiations in the World Trade Organization (WTO) is to reduce seafood tariffs. This paper examines tariffs for seafood in 169 countries, covering most of world trade, and 143 out of 148 WTO members. Average applied tariffs for seafood in each country are mostly spread out between 0 and 30 percent, with a median at 14 percent. Weighted by the economic size of importing countries, the world average is 8-10 percent. For WTO members, only 60 percent of tariffs for seafood are bound - i.e. subject to upper bounds negotiated in the WTO. Bound tariff averages for seafood mostly range from 0 to 60 percent, with a median at 34 percent. Hence there is a considerable amount of "water in the tariffs"; as an example, a 40 percent proportional cut in bound tariffs worldwide may lead to a cut in applied tariffs of only 9 percent. Seafood tariffs are higher than tariffs for industrial goods; this is especially the case for applied tariffs. There is some tariff escalation with higher tariffs for processed goods, but the evidence on this is ambiguous. Preferential tariffs are of increasing importance in many countries, but some of the richest countries have low tariffs for all suppliers and this reduces the impact of preferences. For the European Union, Japan and some developing countries, however, preferences are important. Poor countries have, on average, higher tariffs and a lower extent of tariff binding than rich countries. There is, however, great heterogeneity, so there are also free traders among the poorest countries. -
Brochure, flyer, fact-sheetNon-Tariff Measures in agriculture and related World Trade Organization agreements 2023
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No results found.This course discusses the significance of Non-Tariff Measures (NTMs) for international trade and it describes WTO agreements on such measures. This course is designed primarily for representatives from governments, for example and other entities directly involved in trade negotiations and in the formulation and implementation of agricultural policies and programmes. -
Book (series)Sixth World Congress on Seafood Safety, Quality and Trade. Sydney, Australia, 14–16 September 2005. 2007
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No results found.Fish and fish products are among the most traded food commodities: close to 40 percent by volume ends up in international markets. Yet around three-quarters of fish exports finish up in just three markets: the European Union, Japan and the United States of America. China is an increasingly important player both as an exporter and an importer. Consumers expect that the fish they have access to will be safe and of acceptable quality, regardless of where they are produced or ultimat ely consumed. This has given rise to issues regarding fish quality and safety, international trade, risk analysis and harmonization of standards. These and other issues are addressed in this document, which represents the proceedings of the Sixth World Congress on Seafood Safety, Quality and Trade held in Sydney, Australia from 14 to 16 September 2005.The Congress was held under the auspices of the International Association of Fish Inspectors, in collaboration with FAO and the Un ited Nations Industrial Development Organization.
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