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Book (stand-alone)Technical studyStudy on small-scale family farming in the Near East and North Africa region. Synthesis 2017This report provides an overview of a study conducted in the NENA region in 2015-2016 in partnership with FAO, CIRAD, CIHEAM-IAMM and six national teams, each of which prepared a national report. In the six countries under review in the NENA region (Egypt, Lebanon, Morocco, Mauritania, Sudan and Tunisia), agriculture is carried out primarily by small-scale family farmers, the majority of whom run the risk of falling into the poverty trap, largely due to the continuous fragmentation of inherited landholdings. As such, the development of small-scale family farming can no longer be based solely on intensifying agriculture, as the farmers are not able to produce sufficient marketable surplus due to the limited size of their landholdings. An approach based strictly on agricultural activity is also insufficient (as small-scale family farms have already diversified their livelihoods with off-farm activities). In fact, developing small-scale farming cannot be achieved by focusing strictly on t he dimension of production.
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Book (stand-alone)Technical studyStudy on small-scale family farming in the Near East and North Africa region 2017
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No results found.The Study was based on secondary data as well as on information provided by relevant government and non-government agricultural units at the Federal and states levels. The Study is intended to provide an analytical basis for recommending policy actions towards revitalizing inclusive and sustainable small-scale agriculture sub-sector. The Study starts by providing background information about the agro-ecology of the country, the development and evolution of the agriculture sector, the changing st rategic focus and the current challenges facing the country. It also discusses the typology of small-scale farming systems in the country and highlights the livelihood associated with them. The Study also provides description of the production patterns and the role and challenges facing the six identified small-scale farming systems, namely small-scale sub-systems for rain-fed crop production, animal production, irrigated agriculture, semi-mechanized rain-fed agriculture, forestry and fishery. T he analysis was situated in the changing local and global contexts in which small-scale agriculture. The constraints and challenges the subsector is facing and the policy responses to these constraints are discussed prior to proposing policy recommendations. -
Book (stand-alone)Technical bookImpacts of climate change on farming systems and livelihoods in the Near East North Africa. With a special focus on small-scale family farming
Regional Initiative on Small-scale Family Farming for the Near East and North Africa
2018Also available in:
No results found.Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals of eradicating poverty (SDG 1), hunger (SDG 2) and clean water and sanitation (SDG 6) is not possible without directly addressing the impacts of climate change (SDG 13). Agriculture and food systems are on the forefront of this challenge and nowhere is this more evident than in the Near East and North Africa (NENA) region. Climate change is projected to increase temperatures and extreme weather events and reduce precipitation and weather predictability. While there will be variations based on local specificity, this will result in a general reduction of the production and productivity of both crops and livestock throughout the farming systems in the NENA region. Small-scale farmers’ livelihoods are at risk due to their direct dependence on natural resources. Further, given that they are the main domestic agricultural producers, the impacts of climate change on these farmers extends beyond the farm to the food security of the region. This makes it even more important for policymakers to determine the most effective ways to support small-scale farmers to ensure that agricultural production and productivity can be managed under changing climate conditions and increasing uncertainty.
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Book (series)FlagshipThe State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2020
Transforming food systems for affordable healthy diets
2020Updates for many countries have made it possible to estimate hunger in the world with greater accuracy this year. In particular, newly accessible data enabled the revision of the entire series of undernourishment estimates for China back to 2000, resulting in a substantial downward shift of the series of the number of undernourished in the world. Nevertheless, the revision confirms the trend reported in past editions: the number of people affected by hunger globally has been slowly on the rise since 2014. The report also shows that the burden of malnutrition in all its forms continues to be a challenge. There has been some progress for child stunting, low birthweight and exclusive breastfeeding, but at a pace that is still too slow. Childhood overweight is not improving and adult obesity is on the rise in all regions.The report complements the usual assessment of food security and nutrition with projections of what the world may look like in 2030, if trends of the last decade continue. Projections show that the world is not on track to achieve Zero Hunger by 2030 and, despite some progress, most indicators are also not on track to meet global nutrition targets. The food security and nutritional status of the most vulnerable population groups is likely to deteriorate further due to the health and socio economic impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic.The report puts a spotlight on diet quality as a critical link between food security and nutrition. Meeting SDG 2 targets will only be possible if people have enough food to eat and if what they are eating is nutritious and affordable. The report also introduces new analysis of the cost and affordability of healthy diets around the world, by region and in different development contexts. It presents valuations of the health and climate-change costs associated with current food consumption patterns, as well as the potential cost savings if food consumption patterns were to shift towards healthy diets that include sustainability considerations. The report then concludes with a discussion of the policies and strategies to transform food systems to ensure affordable healthy diets, as part of the required efforts to end both hunger and all forms of malnutrition. -
Book (stand-alone)Technical bookSoil erosion: the greatest challenge for sustainable soil management 2019
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Despite almost a century of research and extension efforts, soil erosion by water, wind and tillage continues to be the greatest threat to soil health and soil ecosystem services in many regions of the world. Our understanding of the physical processes of erosion and the controls on those processes has been firmly established. Nevertheless, some elements remain controversial. It is often these controversial questions that hamper efforts to implement sound erosion control measures in many areas of the world. This book, released in the framework of the Global Symposium on Soil Erosion (15-17 May 2019) reviews the state-of-the-art information related to all topics related to soil erosion. -
Book (stand-alone)High-profileState of knowledge of soil biodiversity - Status, challenges and potentialities
Report 2020
2020Also available in:
No results found.There is increasing attention to the importance of biodiversity for food security and nutrition, especially above-ground biodiversity such as plants and animals. However, less attention is being paid to the biodiversity beneath our feet, soil biodiversity, which drives many processes that produce food or purify soil and water. This report is the result of an inclusive process involving more than 300 scientists from around the world under the auspices of the FAO’s Global Soil Partnership and its Intergovernmental Technical Panel on Soils, the Convention on Biological Diversity, the Global Soil Biodiversity Initiative, and the European Commission. It presents concisely the state of knowledge on soil biodiversity, the threats to it, and the solutions that soil biodiversity can provide to problems in different fields. It also represents a valuable contribution to raising awareness of the importance of soil biodiversity and highlighting its role in finding solutions to today's global threats.