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Understanding the drought impact of El Niño/La Niña in the grain production areas in Eastern Europe and Central Asia: Russia, Ukraine and Kazakhstan











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    Climate change impacts on twenty major crop pests in Central Asia, the Caucasus and Southeastern Europe 2021
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    This research report for a regional study on the impacts of climate change on the spread of pests contributes to FAO’s normative work, as a milestone for 2020–2021 under the Regular Programme. The year 2020 was designated by the United Nations as the as the International Year of Plant Health (IYPH), with the aim of reducing crop loss from pests, which is estimated at 40 percent. In the current report, agricultural pests as any organism harmful to plants, including viruses, bacteria, fungi, nematodes, insects, etc are defined by the authors. We include those that cause direct damage as well as disease-causing organisms. Climate change is projected to worsen crop losses by another 10–25 percent, which in some regions would emanate from associated pests. Central Asia, the Caucasus and Southeastern Europe are under the research area.
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    Understanding the drought impact of El Niño on the global agricultural areas
    An assessment using FAO’s Agricultural Stress Index (ASI)
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    During El Niño episodes the normal patterns of tropical precipitation and atmospheric circulation become disrupted triggering extreme climate events around the globe: droughts, floods and affecting the intensity and frequency of hurricanes. Disasters create poverty traps that increase the prevalence of food insecurity and malnutrition. Agriculture is one of the main sectors of the economy that could be severely affected by El Niño event. FAO monitors the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) pheno menon, among other weather related hazards, with a special focus on the potential impacts on the agricultural sector. The objective of this study is to enhance our understanding the El Niño phenomenon using FAO’s Agricultural Stress Index System (ASIS). This study is carried out under the auspices of the new FAO Strategic Framework, for the Strategic Objective 5 “Increase the resilience of livelihoods to threats and crises”. The study outcomes are expected to enhance further discussions on our u nderstanding of the El Niño Phenomenon and add to the growing literature. This would in turn improve effective early warning capabilities of FAO and partners to issue and trigger timely disaster risk reduction measures.
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    Synthesis: Regional analysis of the Nationally Determined Contributions of Southern-Eastern Europe and Central Asia
    Gaps and opportunities in the agriculture sectors
    2018
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    Building on FAO’s global study of the Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) in the agriculture sectors, the Climate and Environment Division (CBC) is developing a series of regional-level analyses of the NDCs to identify the current commitments, gaps and opportunities for enhancing regional mitigation and adaptation ambitions in the agriculture sectors. This report aims to guide FAO – and other international actors – committed to providing developing countries with the support required for implementing their NDCs and ensuring future commitments are transparent, quantifiable, comparable, verifiable and ambitious. The main objective of this report is to provide a regional synthesis of the current climate change mitigation and adaptation commitments in the agriculture sectors of the Southern Europe, Eastern Europe and Central Asia (SEECA) region, as set forth in the NDCs, and to identify opportunities for enhancing mitigation and adaptation ambitions, capturing their synergies and leveraging climate finance and international support options in the region. It aims to guide international agencies – and policy makers and practitioners in the region – committed to providing the country support required for accelerating progress on and scaling up NDCs in the agriculture sectors, and ensuring that future commitments are clear, quantifiable, comparable, transparent and ambitious.

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