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Book (series)Report of the Expert Meeting on Ciguatera Poisoning
Rome, 19-23 November 2018
2020Also available in:
No results found.Phytoplankton blooms, micro-algal blooms, toxic algae, red tides, or harmful algae, are all terms for naturally occurring phenomena that have occurred throughout recorded history. About 300 hundred species of micro algae are reported at times to form mass occurrence, so called blooms. Nearly one fourth of these species are known to produce toxins. Even non-toxic algal blooms can have devastating impacts when they lead to kills of fish and invertebrates by generating anoxic conditions. Some algal species, although non-toxic to humans, can produce exudates that can cause damage to the delicate gill tissues of fish (raphidophytes Chattonella, Heterosigma, and dinoflagellates Karenia, Karlodinium) . Aquatic animals can suffer devastating mortalities, which could lead economical and food losses, and eventually became a food security problem. Of greatest concern to humans are algal species that produce potent neurotoxins that can find their way through shellfish and fish to human consumers where they evoke a variety of gastrointestinal and neurological illnesses (paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP), amnesic shellfish poisoning (ASP), diarrhoeic shellfish poisoning (DSP), neurotoxic shellfish poisoning (NSP), azaspiracid shellfish poisoning (AZP) and ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP)). Worldwide, ciguatoxins are estimated to cause around 50 000 cases of ciguatera fish poisoning annually; neurological effects may last for weeks or even years and one percent of these cases are fatal . Climate change and costal water over enrichment create an enabling environment for harmful algal blooms, which seem to have become more frequent, more intense and more widespread in the past decades. -
Brochure, flyer, fact-sheetBivalve Mollusc Sanitation: Growing Area Monitoring 2023
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No results found.It aims to guide practitioners in implementing the Codex Alimentarius guidance and standard in their specific contexts and how to establish and monitor a bivalve mollusc growing area. The focus of the series is the primary production of bivalve molluscs for consumption as live or raw bivalves and, inparticular, how to manage microbiological hazards at this stage. This third course in the e-learning series details the growing area monitoring activity in a bivalve mollusc sanitation programme. The course describes sample plans, how to conduct sampling and the laboratory analysis of microbiological hazards in a growing area for bivalve molluscs intended for human consumption. -
Brochure, flyer, fact-sheetMonitoring price incentives for food and agriculture: the MAFAP method 2022
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No results found.This fact sheet describes the course that explains how to produce these indicators, what data you need and how to calculate and analyse them to shape and optimise price policies in the food and agricultural sector.
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